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Effect of monospecific and mixed litters on bacterial communities' structure and functions under contrasting Mediterranean climate conditions
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103681
Maya Kheir , Thomas Z. Lerch , Amine Habib Borsali , Philip Roche , Fabio Ziarelli , Mohamed Zouidi , Anne Marie Farnet Da Silva

Global climate change is expected to contribute to intense droughts and heatwaves in the Mediterranean basin, motivating ecological research to explore the responses of litter microbial communities to more drastic climatic conditions. Here, we investigated how the functioning of microbial decomposition systems may be affected by litter source and mixing in two contrasting Mediterranean climate contexts: a sub-humid climate in France vs a semi-arid climate in Algeria. Studies included in situ incubation of litter bags of monospecific litters (Pinus halepensis, Pistacia lentiscus, and Quercus ilex) and binary mixtures (Pinus/Pistacia; Pinus/Quercus) of litters in France and Algeria. Following a 12-month incubation, the remaining litter was chemically characterised using elemental analyses and solid-state 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Microbial properties evaluated included basal respiration (BR), active microbial biomass (MB), community-level physiological profiling (CLPP), and molecular fingerprinting (T-RFLP). In both countries, negative correlations were observed between MB and ratios of C/N and (aromatics+phenols)/N. Basal respiration was also negatively correlated to both ratios in France; however, the opposite trend was found in Algeria. The effect of litter mixing on MB, BR, and microbial functional diversity (catabolic diversity index ECO H′) also differed between climates. The mixture of Pinus and Quercus litter led to limited heterotrophic CO 2 release in the Algerian arid context i.e. a synergistic effect on MB associated with an antagonistic effect on BR. Higher bacterial genetic diversity (Terminal Restriction Fragment TRF richness and evenness) was found in Algeria whereas higher functional diversity (catabolic diversity index ECO H′) was found in France, suggesting that the higher genetic diversity potential in the arid climate context did not lead to functionally diverse bacterial communities. Our findings on the differing effect of litter chemical properties-(aromatics+phenols)/N and C/N-on microbial functioning (BR and MB) in sub-humid and semi-arid climates indicate that the impact of litter chemistry (litter source; litter admixtures) on C cycling is climate-dependent.

中文翻译:

地中海气候条件下单种和混合垫料对细菌群落结构和功能的影响

预计全球气候变化将导致地中海盆地发生严重的干旱和热浪,从而推动生态研究来探索凋落物微生物群落对更剧烈气候条件的反应。在这里,我们研究了微生物分解系统的功能如何在两种截然不同的地中海气候环境中受到凋落物来源和混合的影响:法国的半湿润气候与阿尔及利亚的半干旱气候。研究包括在法国和阿尔及利亚对单种垃圾(Pinus halepensis、Pistacia lentiscus 和 Quercus ilex)和二元混合物(Pinus/Pistacia;Pinus/Quercus)的垃圾袋进行原位孵化。经过 12 个月的孵化,剩余的垃圾使用元素分析和固态 13 C NMR 光谱进行化学表征。评估的微生物特性包括基础呼吸 (BR)、活性微生物生物量 (MB)、群落水平生理分析 (CLPP) 和分子指纹图谱 (T-RFLP)。在这两个国家,MB 与 C/N 和(芳烃 + 苯酚)/N 的比率呈负相关。在法国,基础呼吸也与这两个比率呈负相关;然而,在阿尔及利亚却发现了相反的趋势。凋落物混合对 MB、BR 和微生物功能多样性(分解代谢多样性指数 ECO H')的影响也因气候而异。在阿尔及利亚干旱环境中,松树和栎类枯枝落叶的混合物导致有限的异养 CO 2 释放,即对 MB 的协同作用与对 BR 的拮抗作用相关。在阿尔及利亚发现了更高的细菌遗传多样性(终端限制片段 TRF 丰富度和均匀度),而在法国发现了更高的功能多样性(分解代谢多样性指数 ECO H'),这表明干旱气候背景下更高的遗传多样性潜力并没有导致功能多样的细菌群落。我们对亚湿润和半干旱气候中凋落物化学性质(芳香烃+酚类)/N 和 C/N 对微生物功能(BR 和 MB)的不同影响的发现表明,凋落物化学(凋落物来源)的影响; 垃圾混合物)在 C 循环中取决于气候。表明在干旱气候背景下更高的遗传多样性潜力并没有导致功能多样化的细菌群落。我们对亚湿润和半干旱气候中凋落物化学性质(芳香烃+酚类)/N 和 C/N 对微生物功能(BR 和 MB)的不同影响的发现表明,凋落物化学(凋落物来源)的影响; 垃圾混合物)在 C 循环中取决于气候。表明在干旱气候背景下更高的遗传多样性潜力并没有导致功能多样化的细菌群落。我们对亚湿润和半干旱气候中凋落物化学性质(芳香烃+酚类)/N 和 C/N 对微生物功能(BR 和 MB)的不同影响的发现表明,凋落物化学(凋落物来源)的影响; 垃圾混合物)在 C 循环中取决于气候。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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