Soil drought has an important influence on plant development. The SoilClim model was used to investigate episodes of soil drought at the 0–100-cm profile during the 1961–2017 period for four selected regions of the Czech Republic (North-western Bohemia, Southern Bohemia, North-eastern Moravia, and Southern Moravia). It emerged that the frequency of soil drought significantly increases in the summer half-year (SHY) and exhibits insignificant trends in the winter half-year (WHY). The dynamic climatology of soil drought is based herein upon synoptic situations as classified by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, in terms of which changes in the occurrence and precipitation intensity of drought episodes in the four individual regions were studied. Drought episodes are generally related to decreases in the frequency of precipitation-rich situations and in their precipitation intensity. This is particularly true for situations C (central cyclone over central Europe), B (trough over central Europe), and Bp (travelling trough). Situations B and Bp, together with south-west cyclonic situations SWc_1–3, appeared as the most relevant to regional differences in drought episodes during SHY in the four regions studied, while western cyclonic situations (Wc and Wcs) emerged as particularly important in WHY. Regional differences are clearly marked between the Bohemian and Moravian regions, especially in SHY. Discussion of the results obtained concentrates on the uncertainty of soil drought data, differences between SHY and WHY, the effects of synoptic situations, and the broader context of soil droughts.

土壤干旱对植物发育有重要影响。在1961-2017年期间，捷克共和国的四个选定区域（西北波西米亚，波西米亚南部，摩拉维亚东北部和摩拉维亚南部）使用SoilClim模型调查了1961-2017年期间0-100厘米剖面的土壤干旱事件）。结果表明，土壤干旱的发生频率在夏季半年（SHY）显着增加，而在冬季半年（WHY）中却显示出微不足道的趋势。土壤干旱的动态气候在此基于捷克水文气象研究所分类的天气情况，据此研究了四个地区干旱事件的发生和降水强度的变化。干旱事件通常与降水量增加的频率及其降水强度的降低有关。对于情况C（中欧上方的中央气旋），B（中欧上方的低谷）和Bp（旅行中的低谷），情况尤其如此。情况B和Bp，以及西南气旋情况SWc在研究的四个区域中，_1-3似乎与SHY期间干旱事件的区域差异最相关，而西部气旋情况（Wc和Wcs）在WHY中显得尤为重要。在波希米亚和摩拉维亚地区之间，尤其是在SHY地区，明显存在地区差异。对所得结果的讨论集中在土壤干旱数据的不确定性，SHY和WHY之间的差异，天气情况的影响以及土壤干旱的更广泛背景方面。