The present study investigated growth, biochemical, physiological, yield and proteomic changes in 3 wheat varieties exposed to elevated CO₂ (515 ppm) in a background of high ambient ozone in field. Ethylenediurea (EDU) was used as antiozonant. Average ozone concentration was 59 ppb and was sufficient enough to exert phytotoxic effects. Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO₂) and EDU application individually or in combination negated the adverse effects of ozone by modulating antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes. Differential leaf proteomics revealed that at vegetative stage major changes in protein abundance were due to EDU treatment (47, 52 and 41 proteins in PBW-343, LOK1 and HD-2967, respectively). Combined treatment of eCO₂ and EDU was more responsible for changes in 37 proteins during flowering stage of PBW-343 and LOK1. Functional categorization revealed more than 60% differentially abundant protein collectively belonging to carbon metabolism, protein synthesis assembly and degradation and photosynthesis. At both the growth stages, LOK1 was more responsive to eCO₂ and combined treatment (eCO₂ + EDU). HD-2967 was more positively responsive to EDU and combined treatment. eCO₂ in combination of EDU protected these varieties against high ambient O₃.

中文翻译：

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在高环境臭氧下暴露于升高的CO2的田间种植小麦品种的生长，生理和蛋白质组学响应。

本研究调查了在田间高环境臭氧的背景下，暴露于升高的CO ₂（515 ppm）下的3个小麦品种的生长，生化，生理，产量和蛋白质组学变化。乙二脲（EDU）用作抗臭氧剂。平均臭氧浓度为59 ppb，足以发挥植物毒性作用。通过调节抗氧化剂和抗氧化酶，单独或组合使用升高的二氧化碳（eCO ₂）和EDU可以消除臭氧的不利影响。叶片蛋白质组学差异表明，在营养阶段，蛋白质丰度的主要变化是由于EDU处理（PBW-343，LOK1和HD-2967分别为47、52和41个蛋白质）。eCO _2的综合处理在PBW-343和LOK1开花期，EDU负责37种蛋白质的变化。功能分类显示超过60％的差异丰富的蛋白质共同属于碳代谢，蛋白质合成组装以及降解和光合作用。在两个生长阶段，LOK1对eCO ₂和联合处理（eCO ₂  + EDU）的反应都更强。HD-2967对EDU和联合治疗的反应更为积极。eCO ₂与EDU的结合可保护这些品种免受高环境O _3的影响。