Abstract The rapid and accurate determination of phosphate is necessary for human health and the environment. In this study, three species of inorganic phosphate were sensitively determined by the use of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-coated molybdenum blue (MB) modified pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) for the first time. The prepared electrodes were characterized by electrochemical and microscopic methods. For the determination of inorganic phosphate species, PMo12O4 3–, PMo11O39H4 7– and PMo10O38H8 11– complexes were formed by the interaction of molybdenum blue and phosphate under the optimized conditions. Peaks observed in the differential pulse voltammograms (DPVs) were due to the PO4 3–, HPO4 2– and H2PO4 – complexes and the number of molybdenum atoms in molybdenum blue. For the electrochemical determination of these complexes, each had an oxidation peak at a distinctive potential in the differential pulse voltammograms. The electrodes also showed good selectivity for the different phosphate species since they formed unique complex structure with phosphate species. The limits of detection and quantitation were determined to be 0.141 µM and 0.47 µM for PO4 3– (PMo10O38H8 11–), 0.11 µM and 0.334 µM for HPO4 2– (PMo12O40 3–), and 0.129 µM and 0.432 µM for H2PO4 – (PMo11O39H4 7–), respectively.

中文翻译：

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通过聚（氯乙烯）涂层钼蓝改性铅笔石墨电极 (PVC-MB-PGE) 测定磷钼配合物的差示脉冲伏安法 (DPV)

摘要 快速准确地测定磷酸盐对人类健康和环境至关重要。在这项研究中，首次使用聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 涂层的钼蓝 (MB) 改性铅笔石墨电极 (PGE) 灵敏地测定了三种无机磷酸盐。通过电化学和显微方法对制备的电极进行表征。对于无机磷酸盐种类的测定，在优化条件下，钼蓝和磷酸盐相互作用形成了 PMo12O4 3-、PMo11O39H4 7- 和 PMo10O38H8 11- 配合物。在差分脉冲伏安图 (DPV) 中观察到的峰是由于 PO4 3–、HPO4 2– 和 H2PO4 – 配合物以及钼蓝中钼原子的数量造成的。对于这些配合物的电化学测定，每个在差分脉冲伏安图中都有一个不同电位的氧化峰。电极还对不同的磷酸盐种类显示出良好的选择性，因为它们与磷酸盐种类形成了独特的复杂结构。PO4 3– (PMo10O38H8 11–) 的检测和定量限确定为 0.141 µM 和 0.47 µM，HPO4 2– (PMo12O40 3–) 为 0.11 µM 和 0.334 µM，以及 HPO4 2– (PMo12O40 3–) 为 0.129 µM 和 0.129 µM PMo11O39H4 7–)，分别。