Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) can partially replace cement in concrete to improve certain properties. However, some concerns regarding its performance have been raised. This research aimed at investigating the properties of concrete with GGBS, with special focus on its frost scaling and chloride ingress resistance. Concretes with different amounts of GGBS, different efficiency factors, and different air contents have been tested. The effects of other factors, namely the curing temperature, the use of superplasticizer and carbonation, have also been investigated. The results showed that the frost resistance generally decreases with the increase of the amount of GGBS. However, this research showed that it is possible to produce frost resistant concrete with up to 50% of GGBS by changing some properties of the mix (such as increasing the air content). The results also showed a significant improvement of the chloride ingress resistance for concrete with high additions of GGBS.

中文翻译：

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添加GGBS对混凝土冻垢及抗氯化物迁移能力的影响

磨碎的高炉矿渣 (GGBS) 可以部分替代混凝土中的水泥以改善某些性能。然而，人们对其表现提出了一些担忧。本研究旨在研究含 GGBS 的混凝土的性能，特别关注其霜冻结垢和抗氯化物侵入性。已经测试了具有不同 GGBS 量、不同效率系数和不同空气含量的混凝土。还研究了其他因素的影响，即固化温度、超塑化剂的使用和碳酸化。结果表明，抗冻性一般随着GGBS用量的增加而降低。然而，该研究表明，通过改变混合物的某些特性（例如增加空气含量），可以生产含有高达 50% GGBS 的抗冻混凝土。结果还表明，高添加 GGBS 的混凝土的耐氯化物侵入性显着提高。