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Trophic transfer of pollutants within two intertidal rocky shore ecosystems in different biogeographic regions of South Africa.
Marine Pollution Bulletin ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111309
Anja Erasmus 1 , Yoshinori Ikenaka 2 , Shouta M M Nakayama 3 , Mayumi Ishizuka 3 , Nico J Smit 1 , Victor Wepener 2
Affiliation  

Tsitsikamma and Sheffield Beach are two relatively pristine sites along the South African east coast representing warm temperate and subtropical biogeographic rocky shore intertidal ecosystems, respectively. Stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C), metals and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured in 38 intertidal components to study biomagnification or biodilution of metals and OCPs in these marine food webs. Comparison of the four species common to both sites revealed that the highest Al, Fe and OCP concentrations were measured in intertidal organisms from Sheffield Beach and was attributed to diffuse input into the nearshore marine environment sources via estuaries and groundwater. All other metals were higher in intertidal organisms from Tsitsikamma and were attributed to the metal-rich phytoplankton blooms during upwelling events. There was no correlation between metal and OCP accumulation and dietary source (δ13C) or trophic level (δ15N). The application of trophic magnification factors (TMFs) using a relatively short benthic food chain indicated biomagnification for As, Cd, Cu, Se and Zn and biodilution of OCPs at both sites. Since these food chains represent only a small portion of the intertidal ecosystems we found limited evidence of biomagnification or biodilution of metals and OCPs across species. This was attributed to different dietary sources in the same food web and similar trophic levels being occupied by the same species in different food chains. We found that food web composition rather than temperature-based biogeographical distribution influenced trophic transfer of metals and OCPs.



中文翻译:

南非不同生物地理区域中两个潮间带岩岸生态系统内污染物的营养转移。

齐齐卡马(Tsitsikamma)和谢菲尔德海滩(Sheffield Beach)是南非东海岸的两个相对原始的地方,分别代表温暖的温带和亚热带生物地理岩岸潮间带生态系统。稳定同位素(δ 15 N和δ 13C),测量了38种潮间带成分中的金属和有机氯农药(OCP),以研究这些海洋食物网中金属和OCP的生物放大或生物稀释。比较这两个地点共有的四个物种,发现在谢菲尔德海滩的潮间带生物中测得最高的Al,Fe和OCP浓度,这归因于通过河口和地下水向近海海洋环境源的扩散输入。Tsitsikamma潮间带生物中的所有其他金属均较高,并且归因于上升流事件中富含金属的浮游植物的开花。有金属和OCP积累和膳食来源(δ之间没有相关性13(C)或营养级δ 15N)。使用相对较短的底栖食物链的营养放大倍数(TMF)的应用表明砷,镉,铜,硒和锌的生物放大作用以及OCP在两个位置的生物稀释作用。由于这些食物链仅占潮间带生态系统的一小部分,因此我们发现了跨物种对金属和OCP进行生物放大或生物稀释的有限证据。这归因于同一食物网中不同的饮食来源,以及同一物种在不同食物链中占据的营养水平相似。我们发现食物网的组成而非基于温度的生物地理分布会影响金属和OCP的营养转移。

更新日期:2020-06-05
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