Abstract New hybrid membrane was inspired by biomimicking the water harvesting system in the back of fogstand beetle. Therefore, efficient hydrophobic material with hydrophilic chitosan (CS) islands was produced by the covalent attachment of chitosan to the hydrophobic surface of PVDF membranes. The attachment of CS molecules allows upgrading the membrane permeability and antifouling properties. Employing the “grafting to” approach, CS was anchored to pre-activated PVDF-membranes by urea linker via silanization. Materials were used for different separation processes, including membrane distillation (MD) for the removal of hazardous volatile organic compounds, desalination, and concentration of raw juices. Material physiochemical features, wettability, stability, tribology, and morphology, were assessed with respect to transport and separation. The hybrid-material possessed improved thermal stability and water resistance. The process separation index increased from ~6.8 kg m−2 h−1 to 90 kg m−2 h−1 for pristine and hybrid-material, respectively. During the juice concentration, the normalized flux decline for pristine was ~50%, whereas for hybrid material below 10%. On the pristine material, a visible layer of foulant was found after the separation, whereas the hybrid membrane shows a relatively clean surface. The developed strategy offers several distinct advantages for generating new materials having potential applications in water oil separation and wastewater treatment.

中文翻译：

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具有共价锚定壳聚糖的仿生杂化膜——材料设计、运输和分离

摘要 新型混合膜的灵感来自于仿生雾锹甲虫背部的集水系统。因此，通过壳聚糖与 PVDF 膜疏水表面的共价连接，可以产生具有亲水壳聚糖 (CS) 岛的高效疏水材料。CS 分子的附着可以提高膜的渗透性和防污性能。采用“嫁接”方法，通过硅烷化的尿素接头将 CS 锚定到预活化的 PVDF 膜上。材料用于不同的分离过程，包括用于去除有害挥发性有机化合物的膜蒸馏 (MD)、脱盐和原汁浓缩。材料的理化特性、润湿性、稳定性、摩擦学和形态，在运输和分离方面进行了评估。这种混合材料具有改进的热稳定性和防水性。对于原始材料和混合材料，过程分离指数从~6.8 kg m-2 h-1 分别增加到 90 kg m-2 h-1。在果汁浓缩期间，原始材料的标准化通量下降约为 50%，而混合材料低于 10%。在原始材料上，分离后发现了一层可见的污垢，而混合膜显示出相对干净的表面。所开发的策略为生成在水油分离和废水处理中具有潜在应用的新材料提供了几个明显的优势。在果汁浓缩期间，原始材料的标准化通量下降约为 50%，而混合材料的标准化通量下降低于 10%。在原始材料上，分离后发现了一层可见的污垢，而混合膜显示出相对干净的表面。所开发的策略为生成在水油分离和废水处理中具有潜在应用的新材料提供了几个明显的优势。在果汁浓缩期间，原始材料的标准化通量下降约为 50%，而混合材料的标准化通量下降低于 10%。在原始材料上，分离后发现了一层可见的污垢，而混合膜显示出相对干净的表面。所开发的策略为生成在水油分离和废水处理中具有潜在应用的新材料提供了几个明显的优势。