Abstract Nitrosamines and nitramines are groups of chemical compounds containing nitroso (N-NO) and nitro (N-NO2) functional groups, respectively. They exert detrimental effects on our health. Simultaneous analysis of 7 nitrosamines and 3 nitramines present in atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to the nominal value of 2.5 μm (PM2.5) at Seoul in the winter of 2018 was undertaken using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS-MS). The daily average concentrations of nitrosamines and nitramines during the sampling period were 9.75 ± 17.77 ng/m3 (0.06–54.72 ng/m3) and 0.68 ± 0.56 ng/m3 (0.08–2.40 ng/m3), respectively. The concentrations of nitramines in the atmosphere were reported in this study for the first time and could not be compared. Among the nitrosamines, nitrosodi-methylamine (NDMA) concentrations observed in this study were high and comparable to that observed at the area with emission sources (Zonguldak, Turkey) and higher than that in an urban area (North Kensington, UK). Concentrations of other nitrosamines such as nitrosodi-ethylamine (NDEA), nitrosodi-butylamine (NDBA), nitroso-piperidine (NPIP), nitroso-pyrrolidine (NPYR), and nitrosodi-propylamine (NDPA) were similar to or lower than those noted in urban areas in the previous studies. In order to determine the relative importance of primary emissions and secondary reactions, statistical analyses such as correlation and multivariance analysis were carried out. Multivariance analysis results showed that secondary reaction might affect to the formation of the nitrosamines and nitramines in the atmosphere more than the primary emission. Furthermore , the high correlations of the nitrosamines and nitramines with HONO and NO supported the possibility of the high contribution of the secondary reactions producing the nitrosamines and nitramines.

中文翻译：

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韩国首尔大气中的冬季微粒亚硝胺和硝胺

摘要 亚硝胺和硝胺是一组分别含有亚硝基 (N-NO) 和硝基 (N-NO2) 官能团的化合物。它们对我们的健康产生不利影响。使用气相色谱/串联质谱法同时分析了 2018 年冬季首尔空气动力学直径小于或等于标称值 2.5 μm (PM2.5) 的大气颗粒物中存在的 7 种亚硝胺和 3 种硝胺（ GC/MS-MS)。采样期间亚硝胺和硝胺的日平均浓度分别为 9.75 ± 17.77 ng/m3 (0.06–54.72 ng/m3) 和 0.68 ± 0.56 ng/m3 (0.08–2.40 ng/m3)。本研究首次报道了大气中硝胺的浓度，无法进行比较。在亚硝胺中，本研究中观察到的亚硝基二甲胺 (NDMA) 浓度很高，与排放源地区（土耳其宗古尔达克）观察到的浓度相当，但高于城市地区（英国北肯辛顿）。亚硝基二乙胺 (NDEA)、亚硝基二丁胺 (NDBA)、亚硝基哌啶 (NPIP)、亚硝基吡咯烷 (NPYR) 和亚硝基二丙胺 (NDPA) 等其他亚硝胺的浓度与以往研究中的城市地区。为了确定一次排放和二次反应的相对重要性，进行了相关性和多元分析等统计分析。多元分析结果表明，二次反应对大气中亚硝胺和硝胺的形成的影响大于一次排放。