Abstract

The level of total heterochromatin, Ag-positive nucleolar organiser regions (NORs) heterochromatin, non-associated and associated heterochromatin satellite stalks of acrocentric chromatids (some acrocentric chromosomal chromatid satellite stalks are connected to each other forming a satellite association), the intensity of each acrocentric chromatid involved in the association and types of associated chromatids were studied from 29 fetuses, from 32 healthy individuals 22–45 years (middle-aged) old and 22 healthy individuals 80–106 years old. The chromosomes were identified by the analysis of G-banding, using the Ikaros karyotyping system (Meta system). The differential scanning calorimeter showed an increase in chromatin thermostability (heterochromatinization) at adults (middle and old aged) compared with fetuses. The number of Ag-positive NORs per cell, for both associated and non-associated chromatids, was significantly increased in fetus cells than in middle and in extreme old age. The chromatid satellite association of fetus cells and the elderly was consistently reduced, compared with middle-aged individuals. Activity of chromatids of the 15th chromosomes, entered in association in the fetus, in middle and old age adults, was significantly reduced (p < 0.05), compared to other acrocentric chromatids, while the chromatids of 21st chromosome participated in associations with high activity (p < 0.05). The frequency of association of homologous (13:13; 14:14; 15:15; 22:22) and certain types of non-homologous chromatids (15:22 and 21:22) in the fetus and in 22–45 and 80–106 years old individuals was almost identically. The above noted phenomena apparently indicate that chromatid satellite ribosomal genes of acrocentric chromosomes undergo specific epigenetic variation depending on age, determining the specific synthesis of rRNA for constructing specific ribosomes, which may have great importance in assessing the general functioning of cells in normal and pathological conditions.

中文翻译：

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胎儿，中年人（22-45岁）和老年人（80-106岁）中人类杂色性染色体的核糖体Cistron活性的表观遗传变化

摘要

总异染色质，Ag阳性核仁组织者区域（NORs）异染色质，杂色染色质的非缔合和相关杂染色质卫星茎的水平（一些杂色染色质染色体染色茎相互连接形成卫星缔合），每个的强度研究了29例胎儿，32名年龄在22-45岁（中年）的健康个体和22名年龄在80-106岁的健康个体中的丙烯醛染色单体的缔合和相关染色单体的类型。通过使用Ikaros核型分析系统（Meta系统）对G带进行分析来鉴定染色体。差示扫描量热仪显示，与胎儿相比，成年人（中老年人）的染色质热稳定性（异染色质）增加。胎儿细胞中与相关和非相关染色单体相比，每个细胞中Ag阳性NORs的数量显着增加，而在中年和极高年龄的胎儿中。与中年人相比，胎儿细胞和老年人的染色单体卫星关联不断降低。进入胎儿的中，老年成年人的第15条染色体的染色单体活性显着降低（与其他杂色染色质相比，p <0.05），而第21条染色体的染色质以较高的活性参与（p <0.05）。胎儿以及22–45和80中的同源（13:13; 14:14; 15:15; 22:22）和某些类型的非同源染色单体（15:22和21:22）的关联频率–106岁的个人几乎完全相同。上述现象显然表明，顶体中心染色体的染色单体卫星核糖体基因根据年龄经历了特定的表观遗传变异，从而确定了构建特定核糖体的rRNA的特异性合成，这对于评估正常和病理条件下细胞的总体功能可能具有重要意义。 。