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Implications of climate variability and changing seasonal hydrology for subarctic riverbank erosion
Climatic Change ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s10584-020-02748-9
Dana R. N. Brown , Todd J. Brinkman , W. Robert Bolton , Caroline L. Brown , Helen S. Cold , Teresa N. Hollingsworth , David L. Verbyla

Warmer climatic conditions have been associated with numerous hydrologic changes that may impact riverbank erosion in cold regions, but the net effect is not well understood. We used regression and correlation analyses to examine the relationships among subarctic riverbank erosion and seasonal hydrology, the impact of climate change and variability, and the societal implications. Geomorphic change (loss and gain of vegetated land) was mapped along several river reaches in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska, throughout 1984 and 2017 using Landsat satellite imagery. Annual erosion rates were estimated from these spatial data. At most study sites, erosion rates (km 2 /year) were either positively correlated ( r = 0.68–0.84, p = 0.0085–0.061) with monthly mean discharge within the cold season or inversely correlated ( r = − 0.74 – −0.62, p < 0.10) with river ice breakup date in the spring. These proximate controls on erosion, in turn, were influenced both by climate variability and long-term climatic change. We conclude that increased cold season discharge and earlier freshet that occurs under warmer conditions enhance riverbank erosion in most areas. Climate-related changes to fluvial dynamics may impact communities through effects on infrastructure, travel safety, channel navigability, fish and wildlife habitat, and access to subsistence resources.

中文翻译:

气候变率和季节性水文变化对亚北极河岸侵蚀的影响

温暖的气候条件与许多可能影响寒冷地区河岸侵蚀的水文变化有关,但其净效应尚不清楚。我们使用回归和相关分析来检查亚北极河岸侵蚀与季节性水文、气候变化和变异的影响以及社会影响之间的关系。整个 1984 年和 2017 年期间,使用 Landsat 卫星图像绘制了阿拉斯加育空河流域几条河段的地貌变化(植被土地的损失和增加)。根据这些空间数据估计年侵蚀率。在大多数研究地点,侵蚀率(km 2 /年)要么与寒冷季节内的月平均流量呈正相关(r = 0.68-0.84,p = 0.0085-0.061),要么呈负相关(r = - 0.74 - -0.62, p < 0。10)与春季河冰破裂日期。反过来,这些对侵蚀的直接控制又受到气候变异和长期气候变化的影响。我们得出的结论是,在较温暖的条件下发生的寒冷季节流量增加和较早的新鲜会加剧大多数地区的河岸侵蚀。与气候相关的河流动态变化可能会通过对基础设施、旅行安全、航道通航性、鱼类和野生动物栖息地以及获取生存资源的影响来影响社区。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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