Nanorod (NR) arrays offer commendable visible-light-driven photocatalytic performances. Herein, we describe the construction of a ternary ZnO–ZnS–Gd₂S₃ nanostructural array in which a sulfidation process is used to decorate a Gd₂S₃ shell layer with a ZnS interface over vapor-phase-grown vertically-aligned ZnO. With control over the shell-wall thickness, the shell layer of ∼25 nm wall thickness on the ultra-long ZnO NR arrays exhibited a higher catalytic efficiency close to 3.3, 2.0, 1.2, and 1.8 times those of the bare ZnO, the ZnO–ZnS, the Gd₂S₃-decorated (∼10 nm) and Gd₂S₃ shell-layered (∼40 nm) ZnO–ZnS core–shell structures, respectively. The core–shell geometry and the shell-wall thickness with maximized contact interface afforded increased light absorption in the visible region and effectively retarded the recombination rate of the photoinduced charge carriers by confining electrons and holes separately, thus providing advantages in terms of the degradation of the pharmaceutical residue tetracycline and the industrial pollutant 4-nitrophenol in wastewater.

中文翻译：

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在超长ZnO-Gd2S3核-壳纳米棒阵列上的径向控制ZnS中间层，用于促进可见光降解抗生素。

纳米棒（NR）阵列提供了值得称赞的可见光驱动的光催化性能。在这里，我们描述了三元ZnO–ZnS–Gd ₂ S ₃纳米结构阵列的构造，其中采用硫化工艺在气相生长的垂直排列的ZnO上装饰具有ZnS界面的Gd ₂ S ₃壳层。通过控制壳壁厚度，超长ZnO NR阵列上约25 nm壁厚的壳层显示出更高的催化效率，接近裸ZnO ZnO的3.3、2.0、1.2和1.8倍-ZnS，修饰的Gd ₂ S ₃（〜10 nm）和Gd ₂ S ₃壳层状（约40 nm）的ZnO-ZnS核-壳结构。核-壳的几何形状和具有最大接触界面的壳-壁厚度提供了在可见光区域的增加的光吸收，并通过分别限制电子和空穴来有效地阻止了光致电荷载流子的复合速率，因此在降解方面具有优势。废水中的药物残留四环素和工业污染物4-硝基苯酚。