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Impact of Climate Change on the Hydrological Regimes in Bavaria
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-04 , DOI: 10.3390/w12061599
Benjamin Poschlod , Florian Willkofer , Ralf Ludwig

This study assesses the change of the seasonal runoff characteristics in 98 catchments in central Europe between the reference period of 1981–2010, and in the near future (2011–2040), mid future (2041–2070) and far future (2071–2099). Therefore, a large ensemble of 50 hydrological simulations featuring the model WaSiM-ETH driven by a 50-member ensemble of the Canadian Regional Climate Model, version 5 (CRCM5) under the emission scenario Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP 8.5) is analyzed. A hierarchical cluster analysis is applied to group the runoff characteristics into six flow regime classes. In the study area, (glacio-)nival, nival (transition), nivo-pluvial and three different pluvial classes are identified. We find that the characteristics of all six regime groups are severely affected by climate change in terms of the amplitude and timing of the monthly peaks and sinks. According to our simulations, the monthly peak of nival regimes will occur earlier in the season and the relative importance of rainfall increases towards the future. Pluvial regimes will become less balanced with higher normalized monthly discharge during January to March and a strong decrease during May to October. In comparison to the reference period, 8% of catchments will shift to another regime class until 2011–2040, whereas until 2041–2070 and 2071–2099, 23% and 43% will shift to another class, respectively.

中文翻译:

气候变化对巴伐利亚水文状况的影响

本研究评估了 1981-2010 年参考期、近期(2011-2040)、中期(2041-2070)和远期(2071-2099)参考期中欧 98 个流域季节性径流特征的变化)。因此,在排放情景代表浓度路径 (RCP 8.5) 下,由加拿大区域气候模型第 5 版 (CRCM5) 的 50 成员集合驱动的 50 个水文模拟的大型集合进行了分析。应用层次聚类分析将径流特征分为六个流态类别。在研究区,确定了(冰川-)nival、nival(过渡)、nivo-pluvial 和三个不同的雨季类别。我们发现,所有六个政权组的特征在月峰和汇的幅度和时间方面都受到气候变化的严重影响。根据我们的模拟,雨季的月度高峰将出现在本季节的早些时候,降雨的相对重要性在未来会增加。随着 1 月至 3 月正常化月流量的增加和 5 月至 10 月的大幅下降,雨量状况将变得不那么平衡。与参考期相比,在 2011-2040 年之前,8% 的流域将转移到另一个流域,而在 2041-2070 和 2071-2099 之前,分别有 23% 和 43% 将转移到另一个流域。雨季的月度高峰将出现在本季节的早些时候,降雨的相对重要性在未来会增加。随着 1 月至 3 月正常化月流量的增加和 5 月至 10 月的大幅下降,雨量状况将变得不那么平衡。与参考期相比,到 2011-2040 年,8% 的流域将转移到另一个流域,而在 2041-2070 和 2071-2099 之前,分别有 23% 和 43% 将转移到另一个流域。雨季的月度高峰将出现在本季节的早些时候,降雨的相对重要性在未来会增加。随着 1 月至 3 月正常化月流量的增加和 5 月至 10 月的大幅下降,雨量状况将变得不那么平衡。与参考期相比,在 2011-2040 年之前,8% 的流域将转移到另一个流域,而在 2041-2070 和 2071-2099 之前,分别有 23% 和 43% 将转移到另一个流域。
更新日期:2020-06-04
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