Bioaccumulation assessment predominantly relies on the bioconcentration factor (BCF) as the sole decisive metric. The test guideline 305 by the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) provides the standard procedure for deriving this in vivo fish BCF, which is not only expensive and labor‐intensive, but also requires many animals. Accordingly, there is a great need for and interest in alternative methods that can help to reduce, replace, and refine vertebrate tests, as described in the 3R principles. Two alternative approaches have been developed: the bioconcentration test with the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca and the OECD test guideline 319 which provides a method to determine experimentally derived in vitro metabolism rates that can then be incorporated into in silico prediction models for rainbow trout BCF calculation. In the present study both alternative methods were applied to 5 substances of different physicochemical characteristics. The results were compared with literature values of fish in vivo BCFs and additional BCFs obtained with the alternative methods, if available. Potential differences between the results of the test methods are discussed utilizing information such as in vivo metabolism rates. The currently available data set suggests that these 2 alternative methods pose promising alternatives to predict bioaccumulation in fish, although defined applicability domains have yet to be determined. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1813–1825. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC

中文翻译：

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生物富集评估的替代方法的比较：虹鳟鱼的体外耗竭试验的范围和局限性以及淡水两栖透明膜透明质酸中的生物浓缩测试。

生物蓄积评估主要依靠生物富集因子（BCF）作为唯一的决定性指标。经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的测试指南305提供了获取这种体内鱼类BCF的标准程序，该程序不仅昂贵且费力，而且需要许多动物。因此，如3R原理中所描述的，对可帮助减少，替换和完善脊椎动物测试的替代方法有极大的需求和兴趣。已开发出两种替代方法：使用淡水两栖动物Hyalella azteca进行生物浓缩测试OECD测试指南319提供了一种确定实验得出的体外代谢率的方法，然后可以将其纳入计算机模拟预测模型中，以进行虹鳟BCF计算。在本研究中，两种替代方法都应用于5种具有不同理化特性的物质。将结果与鱼类体内BCF的文献价值进行比较，并使用其他方法（如果有）获得其他BCF。利用诸如体内代谢速率之类的信息讨论了测试方法结果之间的潜在差异。目前可用的数据集表明，这两种替代方法构成了预测鱼类生物富集的有前途的替代方法，尽管尚未确定明确的适用范围。2020年《环境毒理学》； 39：1813–1825。©2020作者。Wiley Periodicals LLC代表SETAC出版的《环境毒理学和化学》