In cosmic ray physics extensive progress has been made in recent years, both concerning theory and observation. The vast details in direct, indirect and secondary detections on the one hand provide the basis for a detailed modeling of the signatures via cosmic-ray transport and interaction, paving the way for the identification of Galactic cosmic-ray sources. On the other hand, the large number of constraints from different channels of cosmic-ray observables challenges these models frequently. In this review, we will summarize the state-of-the art of the detection of cosmic rays and their secondaries, followed by a discussion what we can learn from coupling our knowledge of the cosmic-ray observables to the theory of cosmic-ray transport in the Galactic magnetic field. Finally, information from neutral secondaries will be added to draw a multimessenger-picture of the non-thermal sky, in which the hypothesis of supernova remnants as the dominant sources survives best. While this has been known since the 1930s, evidence for this scenario is steadily growing, with the first detection of hadronic signatures at GeV energies detected for three SNRs with Fermi. The existence of SNRs as PeVatrons, however, is not validated yet. The discussion of this and other open questions concerning the level of anisotropy, composition and spectral shape of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum is reviewed. Future perspectives of how to find the smoking cosmic-ray source gun concludes this review.

中文翻译：

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使用多信使信息接近银河宇宙射线的起源

近年来，宇宙射线物理学在理论和观测方面都取得了广泛的进展。一方面，直接、间接和二次探测中的大量细节为通过宇宙射线传输和相互作用对特征进行详细建模提供了基础，为银河系宇宙射线源的识别铺平了道路。另一方面，来自宇宙射线可观测量的不同通道的大量约束经常挑战这些模型。在这篇评论中，我们将总结宇宙射线及其次级探测的最新技术，然后讨论我们可以从将我们对宇宙射线可观测量的知识与宇宙射线传输理论相结合中学到什么在银河磁场中。最后，将添加来自中性二次星的信息以绘制非热天空的多信使图片，其中超新星遗迹作为主要来源的假设最能生存。虽然这一点自 1930 年代以来就已为人所知，但这种情况的证据正在稳步增长，首次在费米的三个 SNR 中检测到 GeV 能量的强子特征。然而，作为 PeVatron 的 SNR 的存在尚未得到验证。回顾了有关宇宙射线能谱的各向异性水平、组成和光谱形状的这个问题和其他未决问题的讨论。如何找到冒烟的宇宙射线源枪的未来观点总结了这篇评论。虽然这一点自 1930 年代以来就已为人所知，但这种情况的证据正在稳步增长，首次在费米的三个 SNR 中检测到 GeV 能量的强子特征。然而，作为 PeVatron 的 SNR 的存在尚未得到验证。回顾了有关宇宙射线能谱的各向异性水平、组成和光谱形状的这个问题和其他未决问题的讨论。如何找到冒烟的宇宙射线源枪的未来观点总结了这篇评论。虽然这一点自 1930 年代以来就已为人所知，但这种情况的证据正在稳步增长，首次在费米的三个 SNR 中检测到 GeV 能量的强子特征。然而，作为 PeVatron 的 SNR 的存在尚未得到验证。回顾了有关宇宙射线能谱的各向异性水平、组成和光谱形状的这个问题和其他未决问题的讨论。如何找到冒烟的宇宙射线源枪的未来观点总结了这篇评论。回顾了宇宙射线能谱的组成和光谱形状。如何找到冒烟的宇宙射线源枪的未来观点总结了这篇评论。回顾了宇宙射线能谱的组成和光谱形状。如何找到冒烟的宇宙射线源枪的未来观点总结了这篇评论。