Abstract Biological pest control and pollination are vital ecosystem services that are usually studied in isolation, given that they are typically provided by different guilds of arthropods. Hoverflies are an exception, as larvae of many aphidophagous species prey upon agriculturally important aphid pests, while the adults feed on floral nectar and pollen and can be effective pollinators of important agricultural crops. While this is widely known, the concurrent provisioning of pest control and pollination by aphidophagous hoverflies has never been studied. Here, we compared the potential of two aphidophagous hoverflies, Eupeodes corollae and Sphaerophoria rueppellii to concurrently control the aphid Myzus persicae and improve pollination (measured as seed set and fruit weight) in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum). In a first semi-field experiment, aphid populations were reduced by 71 and 64% in the E. corollae and S. rueppellii treatments, respectively, compared to the control. In a second experiment, the aphid population reduction was 80 and 84% for E. corollae and S. rueppellii, respectively. Fruit yield in aphid-infested plants, was significantly increased by 88 and 62% for E. corollae and S. rueppellii, respectively, as compared to the control. In a separate trial, where the plants were not infested with aphids, yield increased by 29 and 11% for E. corollae and S. rueppellii, respectively, even though these differences were not statistically significant. The increase in seed set in the hoverfly treatments was statistically significant in both pollination experiments, i.e. independently of the presence of aphids. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that aphidophagous hoverflies can concurrently provide pest control and pollination services.

中文翻译：

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一块石头；两只鸟：蚜虫食蚜蝇同时提供害虫控制和授粉服务

摘要 生物害虫防治和授粉是重要的生态系统服务，通常是孤立研究的，因为它们通常由不同的节肢动物行会提供。气垫蝇是个例外，因为许多蚜虫的幼虫捕食农业上重要的蚜虫害虫，而成虫则以花蜜和花粉为食，可以成为重要农作物的有效传粉者。虽然这是众所周知的，但从未研究过食蚜蝇同时提供害虫控制和授粉。在这里，我们比较了两种食蚜蝇（Eupeodes corollae 和 Sphaerophoria ruepppellii）同时控制桃蚜和改善甜椒（Capsicum annuum）授粉（以结实和果实重量衡量）的潜力。在第一次半场实验中，与对照相比，在 E. corollae 和 S. ruepppellii 处理中，蚜虫种群分别减少了 71% 和 64%。在第二个实验中，E. corollae 和 S. ruepppellii 的蚜虫数量分别减少了 80% 和 84%。与对照相比，E. corollae 和 S. ruepppellii 在蚜虫侵染的植物中的果实产量分别显着增加了 88% 和 62%。在单独的试验中，植物没有被蚜虫侵染，E. corollae 和 S. ruepppellii 的产量分别增加了 29% 和 11%，尽管这些差异没有统计学意义。在两个授粉实验中，食蚜蝇处理中结实的增加在统计学上是显着的，即独立于蚜虫的存在。这些结果首次证明，