Atmospheric particle samples with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM₁₀) and <2.5 μm (PM₂.₅) were analyzed for elemental (EC), organic (OC) carbon and polar organic compounds. Samples were collected, on a daily basis, over 44 days during the winter period in Agia Maria Xyliatou, a background location of Cyprus. Polar organic compounds were determined using a 3-step derivatization method prior to analysis with GC/MS. Gas phase compounds and meteorological data were also measured. Secondary OC was estimated and found to be significantly higher in PM₂.₅ than PM₁₀ fraction (mean of 0.81 ± 0.58 over 0.51 ± 0.66 μg m⁻³). Concentrations of biogenic secondary formation tracers, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids ranged from 7.3 to 29.0, 2.9–162, 7.6–82.0 and 1.9–19.6 ng m⁻³ respectively, in all aerosol samples, accumulated mostly on PM₂.₅ fraction. Molecular diagnostic ratios of selected carboxylic acids indicated influence of biogenic sources and aged aerosols. Source apportionment tools employed, including principal component analysis, demonstrated anthropogenic activity, biomass burning, biogenic volatile organic compounds oxidation and oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids as the basic sources of the studied analytes. Estimation of OC contribution from different sources was performed using tracer-based methods, such as “SOA tracer method” presenting biomass burning as a significant contributor (12.8 ± 14.8% in PM₂.₅ and 5.8 ± 4.8% in PM₁₀). Oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds accounted for 13.0 ± 8.9% and 5.6 ± 3.5% of OC in PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ samples respectively. Dust episodes that occurred during the sampling period, appear to enhance secondary formation mostly on PM₁₀ particles.

中文翻译：

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冬季东地中海背景地点 PM10 和 PM2.5 大气气溶胶中的极性有机化合物：二次形成、分布和来源分配

对空气动力学直径 <10 μm (PM₁₀) 和 <2.5 μm (PM2.₅) 的大气颗粒样品进行元素 (EC)、有机 (OC) 碳和极性有机化合物分析。在塞浦路斯的背景地点 Agia Maria Xyliatou 的冬季期间，每天收集样品超过 44 天。在使用 GC/MS 进行分析之前，使用 3 步衍生化方法测定极性有机化合物。还测量了气相化合物和气象数据。据估计，PM2.₅ 中的二次 OC 明显高于 PM₁₀ 部分（平均值为 0.81 ± 0.58，超过 0.51 ± 0.66 μg m⁻³）。在所有气溶胶样品中，生物二次形成示踪剂、单羧酸、二羧酸和芳香酸的浓度范围分别为 7.3 至 29.0、2.9-162、7.6-82.0 和 1.9-19.6 ng m⁻³，主要在 PM₂.₅ 分数上积累。所选羧酸的分子诊断比率表明生物源和老化气溶胶的影响。所采用的来源分配工具，包括主成分分析，证明了人为活动、生物质燃烧、生物挥发性有机化合物氧化和不饱和脂肪酸氧化是所研究分析物的基本来源。使用基于示踪剂的方法估计来自不同来源的 OC 贡献，例如“SOA 示踪剂方法”将生物量燃烧作为重要贡献者（PM2.₅ 为 12.8 ± 14.8%，PM₁₀ 为 5.8 ± 4.8%）。生物源挥发性有机化合物的氧化分别占 PM₂.₅ 和 PM₁₀ 样品中 OC 的 13.0 ± 8.9% 和 5.6 ± 3.5%。采样期间发生的粉尘事件，