Aspergillus spp. are the most common phytopathogenic fungi able to produce various types of aflatoxins. Yeasts can produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may be used as biocontrol agents against mycotoxigenic fungi. In this study, we aimed to evaluate antagonistic yeasts that are potentially capable of producing active VOCs against the aflatoxin-producing fungus, Aspergillus flavus A39. In total, 366 epiphytic and endophytic yeast strains isolated from leaves of rice, sugarcane, and corn in Thailand were screened for their potential. Only 49 yeast strains were able to produce antifungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Candida nivariensis DMKU-CE18 was the most effective yeast strain to inhibit the mycelium growth (64.9 ± 7.0% inhibition) and conidial germination (49.3 ± 3.3% inhibition) of A. flavus A39, and to reduce aflatoxin production (74.8 ± 6.5% reduction) in corn grains. The analysis results of headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed that the major VOC produced by this yeast strain was closest to 1-pentanol.

中文翻译：

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产生挥发性有机化合物的拮抗酵母菌对黄曲霉毒素黄曲霉的生物控制

曲霉属 是最常见的能够产生各种类型黄曲霉毒素的植物致病真菌。酵母可产生挥发性有机化合物（VOC），可用作抗真菌毒素生物防治剂。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估拮抗酵母菌，它们可能能够针对产生黄曲霉毒素的真菌黄曲霉A39产生活性VOC 。总共筛选了从泰国稻米，甘蔗和玉米叶片中分离出来的366种附生和内生酵母菌株的潜力。只有49个酵母菌株能够产生抗真菌挥发性有机化合物（VOC）。念珠菌DMKU-CE18是最有效的酵母菌株，可抑制黄曲霉A39的菌丝生长（抑制64.9±7.0％）和分生孢子萌发（抑制49.3±3.3％），并降低黄曲霉A39中的黄曲霉毒素产量（降低74.8±6.5％）。玉米粒。顶空气相色谱/质谱（GC / MS）的分析结果表明，该酵母菌株产生的主要VOC最接近1-戊醇。