Both the proper functioning of the female reproductive tract (FRT) and normal placental development are essential for women’s health, wellbeing, and pregnancy outcome. The study of the FRT in humans has been challenging due to limitations in the in vitro and in vivo tools available. Recent developments in 3D organoid technology that model the different regions of the FRT include organoids of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, endometrium and cervix, as well as placental trophoblast. These models are opening up new avenues to investigate the normal biology and pathology of the FRT. In this review, we discuss the advances, potential, and limitations of organoid cultures of the human FRT.

女性生殖道 (FRT) 的正常功能和正常的胎盘发育对于女性的健康、幸福和怀孕结果都至关重要。由于可用的体外和体内工具的局限性，对人类 FRT 的研究一直具有挑战性。模拟 FRT 不同区域的 3D 类器官技术的最新发展包括卵巢、输卵管、子宫内膜和子宫颈的类器官，以及胎盘滋养层。这些模型为研究 FRT 的正常生物学和病理学开辟了新途径。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了人类 FRT 类器官培养的进展、潜力和局限性。