Abstract This paper presents the current possibilities, state of knowledge and prospects of in vitro production (IVP) of pig embryos, which consists of in vitro oocyte maturation, in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo culture. In pigs, oocyte maturation is one of the most important stages in the embryo IVP process. It determines the oocyte’s fertilization ability as well as its embryonic development. Through many research studies of the proper selection of oocytes and appropriate maturation medium composition (especially the addition of various supplements), the in vitro maturation of pig oocytes has been significantly improved. Recent studies have demonstrated that modifications of the diluents and in vitro fertilization media can reduce polyspermy. Furthermore, several adjustments of the porcine culture media with the addition of some supplements have enhanced the embryo quality and developmental competence. These updates show the progress of IVP in pigs that has been achieved; however, many problems remain unsolved.

中文翻译：

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猪胚胎的体外生产：现状和可能性

摘要 本文介绍了猪胚胎体外生产 (IVP) 的当前可能性、知识状态和前景，包括体外卵母细胞成熟、体外受精和体外胚胎培养。在猪中，卵母细胞成熟是胚胎 IVP 过程中最重要的阶段之一。它决定了卵母细胞的受精能力及其胚胎发育。通过对卵母细胞的正确选择和合适的成熟培养基组成（特别是各种添加剂的添加）的多项研究，猪卵母细胞的体外成熟得到了显着提高。最近的研究表明，稀释剂和体外受精培养基的改进可以减少多精子症。此外，通过添加一些补充剂对猪培养基进行了多次调整，提高了胚胎质量和发育能力。这些更新显示了猪的IVP取得的进展；然而，许多问题仍未解决。