This study introduces a novel energy, water and food nexus ‘Node’ methodology which includes: (a) decentralization using GIS-based approaches; (b) development of composite geospatial risk indicators using the Analytical Hierarchy Process; and (c) assessment of resource utilization. The methodology is applied to open fields agriculture, conventional greenhouses and hydroponic greenhouses in Qatar using the following nine risk factors: temperature, humidity, solar radiation, soil quality (As and Fe concentration), groundwater depth, groundwater recharge rate, groundwater salinity and groundwater pH. The analysis concludes that the critical factors that increase risk in open field farms are weather factors, such as temperature, solar radiation and humidity, with relative weights of 0.18527, 0.16860 and 0.15785 respectively, whilst groundwater factors have the highest impact on conventional and hydroponic greenhouses. Furthermore, although hydroponic greenhouses are more efficient in terms of water consumption in comparison to open fields, they consume more energy due to cooling and desalination requirements.

这项研究介绍了一种新颖的能源，水和食物联系“节点”方法，包括：（a）使用基于GIS的方法进行权力下放；（b）使用层次分析法开发综合地理空间风险指标；（c）评估资源利用情况。该方法适用于卡塔尔的露天农田农业，常规温室和水培温室，使用以下九个风险因素：温度，湿度，太阳辐射，土壤质量（As和Fe浓度），地下水深度，地下水补给率，地下水盐度和地下水pH值 分析得出结论，增加露天农场风险的关键因素是天气因素，例如温度，太阳辐射和湿度，相对权重分别为0.18527、0.16860和0.15785，而地下水因素对常规和水培温室的影响最大。此外，尽管与开放田地相比，水培温室在耗水方面效率更高，但由于冷却和脱盐的要求，它们消耗更多的能量。