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Two heavy haze events over Lumbini in southern Nepal: Enhanced aerosol radiative forcing and heating rates
Atmospheric Environment ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117658
Dipesh Rupakheti , Shichang Kang , Maheswar Rupakheti

Abstract The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) suffers from recurrent heavy air pollution during the dry season of each year. The AERONET station established in Lumbini, a semi-urban site and historically significant location as the birthplace of Buddha in the northern edge of the central IGP in Nepal, captured two events of heavy air pollution: 29–30 October (Event-I) and 1–2 December (Event-II) of 2014. Daily aerosol optical depth (AOD) was found to be 2.66, 2.44, 2.09 and 2.15 respectively with Angstrom exponent (AE) > 1 during both events. The daily AOD during two events was 3.26–4.43 times higher than average AOD observed during the monitoring period 2013-2014. Based on various aerosol parameters we concluded that the fine-mode aerosols sourced from biomass-burning and urban/industrial activities were responsible for the haze events. Aerosol absorbed 205-240 Wm-2 of the solar radiation in the atmosphere, resulting in aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate of 5.76–7.28 K day−1 during the hazy days. Back-trajectory analysis of air masses reaching Lumbini showed that the air masses either originated or travelled over the regions with open fires both prior and during the events. In addition to this, meteorological conditions (e.g. prevailing winds) also played role in initiation/persistence of the haze events.

中文翻译:

尼泊尔南部蓝毗尼上空的两起重霾事件:增强的气溶胶辐射强迫和加热速率

摘要 印度恒河平原(IGP)在每年的旱季都遭受反复出现的重度空气污染。在蓝毗尼建立的 AERONET 站位于尼泊尔中央 IGP 北部边缘的半城市遗址和具有重要历史意义的佛陀诞生地,捕获了两次严重的空气污染事件:10 月 29 日至 30 日(事件 I)和2014 年 12 月 1 日至 2 日(事件 II)。发现每日气溶胶光学深度 (AOD) 分别为 2.66、2.44、2.09 和 2.15,在这两个事件中埃指数 (AE) > 1。两次事件期间的每日 AOD 比 2013-2014 年监测期间观察到的平均 AOD 高 3.26-4.43 倍。基于各种气溶胶参数,我们得出结论,源自生物质燃烧和城市/工业活动的精细模式气溶胶是造成雾霾事件的原因。气溶胶吸收了大气中 205-240 Wm-2 的太阳辐射,导致雾天期间气溶胶引起的大气加热率为 5.76-7.28 K day-1。对到达蓝毗尼的气团的反向轨迹分析表明,气团在事件发生之前和期间都起源于或穿过有明火的区域。除此之外,气象条件(例如盛行风)也在雾霾事件的发生/持续中发挥了作用。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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