Purpose

The rapid urbanization that took place in the last 60 years has led to a dramatic increase in the generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The biodegradable fraction of MSW mainly consists of food waste (FW) and corresponds to about 50% of the total MSW. The disposal of FW in the environment has become a significant challenge. On the other hand, FW is an excellent substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD).

Methods

This manuscript reviews the different AD technologies for the treatment of FW. Different types of bioreactors and pretreatment methods used to enhance methane production through AD of FW are discussed. The current review gives special emphasis on the methods for biogas upgrading and on technologies for FW digestate valorization.

Results

Food waste valorization through anaerobic digestion offers a wide variety of options in all process steps. From the pre-treatment of the feedstock and the selection of the suitable anaerobic digestion technology to the configuration of the process based on the desired products and the valorization of the generated digestate, the design of an integrated anaerobic digestion plant is a challenging task, which necessitates a systematic design.

Conclusion

A systematic approach is necessary for FW valorization. The simple single-stage AD process leads to underutilization of the feedstock. There are plenty of available technologies that could be combined for the development of an integrated biorefinery that will be optimized in terms of FW valorization towards the production of biofuels and high-added value products, while introducing a circularity in the nutrients contained in the FW. FW-to-biofuel conversion technologies are high Technology Readiness Level (TRL—9) technologies and anaerobic digestion is applied worldwide at commercial scale.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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基于厌氧消化的餐厨垃圾价值评估

目的

在过去60年中，城市化进程迅速，导致城市生活垃圾（MSW）的产生急剧增加。城市生活垃圾的可生物降解部分主要由食物垃圾（FW）组成，约占城市生活垃圾总量的50％。在环境中处置FW已成为一项重大挑战。另一方面，FW是厌氧消化（AD）的极佳底物。

方法

该手稿回顾了用于治疗FW的不同AD技术。讨论了用于通过FW AD提高甲烷产量的不同类型的生物反应器和预处理方法。当前的审查特别强调了沼气升级方法和FW消化物增值技术。

结果

通过厌氧消化来实现食品废物的增值在所有工艺步骤中都提供了多种选择。从原料的预处理和合适的厌氧消化技术的选择到基于所需产品的工艺配置以及生成的消化物的价值评估，一体化厌氧消化装置的设计是一项艰巨的任务，这是一项艰巨的任务，这必须进行系统的设计。

结论

对于FW计价，必须有系统的方法。简单的单阶段AD过程导致原料利用率不足。有许多可用的技术可以结合起来，用于开发综合性生物精炼厂，将在FW增值方面对生物燃料和高附加值产品的生产进行优化，同时在FW中包含的养分中引入循环性。FW到生物燃料的转化技术是技术成熟度（TRL-9）的高技术，厌氧消化技术已在全球范围内得到商业应用。

图形摘要