当前位置: X-MOL 学术JAMA › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Effect of C-Reactive Protein–Guided Antibiotic Treatment Duration, 7-Day Treatment, or 14-Day Treatment on 30-Day Clinical Failure Rate in Patients With Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia
JAMA ( IF 120.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-02 , DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.6348
Elodie von Dach 1, 2 , Werner C Albrich 3 , Anne-Sophie Brunel 4 , Virginie Prendki 5 , Clémence Cuvelier 5 , Domenica Flury 3 , Angèle Gayet-Ageron 2, 6 , Benedikt Huttner 1 , Philipp Kohler 3 , Eva Lemmenmeier 3 , Shawna McCallin 1 , Anne Rossel 7 , Stephan Harbarth 1 , Laurent Kaiser 1 , Pierre-Yves Bochud 4 , Angela Huttner 1
Affiliation  

Importance Antibiotic overuse drives antibiotic resistance. Gram-negative bacteremia is a common infection that results in substantial antibiotic use. Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness of C-reactive protein (CRP)-guided, 7-day, and 14-day antibiotic durations 30, 60, and 90 days after treatment initiation. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, noninferiority, point-of-care randomized clinical trial including adults hospitalized with gram-negative bacteremia conducted in 3 Swiss tertiary care hospitals between April 2017 and May 2019, with follow-up until August 2019. Patients and physicians were blinded between randomization and antibiotic discontinuation. Adults (aged ≥18 years) were eligible for randomization on day 5 (±1 d) of microbiologically efficacious therapy for fermenting, gram-negative bacteria in blood culture(s) if they were afebrile for 24 hours without evidence for complicated infection (eg, abscess) or severe immunosuppression. Intervention Randomization in a 1:1:1 ratio to an individualized CRP-guided antibiotic treatment duration (discontinuation once CRP declined by 75% from peak; n = 170), fixed 7-day treatment duration (n = 169), or fixed 14-day treatment duration (n = 165). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the clinical failure rate at day 30, defined as the presence of at least 1 of the following, with a non-inferiority margin of 10%: recurrent bacteremia, local suppurative complication, distant complication (growth of the same organism causing the initial bacteremia), restarting gram-negative-directed antibiotic therapy due to clinical worsening suspected to be due to the initial organism, or death due to any cause. Secondary outcomes included the clinical failure rate on day 90 of follow-up. Results Among 504 patients randomized (median [interquartile range] age, 79 [68-86] years; 306 of 503 [61%] were women), 493 (98%) completed 30-day follow-up and 448 (89%) completed 90-day follow-up. Median antibiotic duration in the CRP group was 7 (interquartile range, 6-10; range, 5-28) days; 34 of the 164 patients (21%) who completed the 30-day follow-up had protocol violations related to treatment assignment. The primary outcome occurred in 4 of 164 (2.4%) patients in the CRP group, 11 of 166 (6.6%) in the 7-day group, and 9 of 163 (5.5%) in the 14-day group (difference in CRP vs 14-day group, -3.1% [1-sided 97.5% CI, -∞ to 1.1]; P < .001; difference in 7-day vs 14-day group, 1.1% [1-sided 97.5% CI, -∞ to 6.3]; P < .001). By day 90, clinical failure occurred in 10 of 143 patients (7.0%) in the CRP group, 16 of 151 (10.6%) in the 7-day group, and 16 of 153 (10.5%) in the 14-day group. Conclusions and Relevance Among adults with uncomplicated gram-negative bacteremia, 30-day rates of clinical failure for CRP-guided antibiotic treatment duration and fixed 7-day treatment were noninferior to fixed 14-day treatment. However, interpretation is limited by the large noninferiority margin compared with the low observed event rate, as well as low adherence and wide range of treatment durations in the CRP-guided group. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03101072.

中文翻译:

C反应蛋白引导的抗生素治疗持续时间、7天治疗或14天治疗对无并发症革兰氏阴性菌血症患者30天临床失败率的影响

重要性 抗生素过度使用会导致抗生素耐药性。革兰氏阴性菌血症是一种常见的感染,导致大量抗生素的使用。目的 比较 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 指导下的 7 天和 14 天抗生素持续时间在治疗开始后 30、60 和 90 天的临床有效性。设计、设置和参与者 多中心、非劣效性、床旁随机临床试验,包括 2017 年 4 月至 2019 年 5 月在瑞士 3 家三级医院进行的革兰氏阴性菌血症住院成人,随访至 2019 年 8 月。医生在随机化和停用抗生素之间是不知情的。成人(≥18 岁)有资格在微生物有效发酵疗法的第 5 天(±1 天)随机分组,如果 24 小时不发热且无复杂感染(如脓肿)或严重免疫抑制的证据,则应检查血培养中的革兰氏阴性菌。以 1:1:1 的比例随机化为个体化 CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间(一旦 CRP 从峰值下降 75% 就停止治疗;n = 170)、固定 7 天治疗持续时间(n = 169)或固定 14 -天治疗持续时间(n = 165)。主要结果和措施 主要结果是第 30 天的临床失败率,定义为存在以下至少 1 项,非劣效性界限为 10%:复发性菌血症、局部化脓性并发症、远处并发症(引起初始菌血症的同一生物体),由于怀疑是由于最初的微生物引起的临床恶化,或由于任何原因导致的死亡,重新开始革兰氏阴性抗生素治疗。次要结果包括随访第 90 天的临床失败率。结果 在随机分配的 504 名患者中(中位 [四分位距] 年龄,79 [68-86] 岁;503 名患者中有 306 名 [61%] 为女性),493 名 (98%) 完成了 30 天随访,448 名 (89%)完成 90 天的随访。CRP 组的中位抗生素持续时间为 7(四分位距,6-10;范围,5-28)天;完成 30 天随访的 164 名患者中有 34 名 (21%) 违反了与治疗分配相关的方案。CRP 组 164 名患者中的 4 名 (2.4%)、7 天组 166 名患者中的 11 名 (6.6%) 和 14 日组 163 名患者中的 9 名 (5.5%) 发生了主要结局(CRP 的差异)与 14 天组相比,-3.1% [单侧 97.5% CI,-∞ 到 1.1]; P < .001;7 天组与 14 天组的差异,1.1% [单侧 97.5% CI,-∞ 至 6.3];P < .001)。到第 90 天,CRP 组 143 名患者中有 10 名(7.0%)发生临床失败,7 天组 151 名患者中有 16 名(10.6%)发生临床失败,14 天组 153 名患者中有 16 名(10.5%)发生临床失败。结论和相关性 在无并发症革兰氏阴性菌血症的成人中,CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间和固定 7 天治疗的 30 天临床失败率不劣于固定 14 天治疗。然而,与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。-∞ 到 6.3];P < .001)。到第 90 天,CRP 组 143 名患者中有 10 名(7.0%)发生临床失败,7 天组 151 名患者中有 16 名(10.6%)发生临床失败,14 天组 153 名患者中有 16 名(10.5%)发生临床失败。结论和相关性 在无复杂性革兰氏阴性菌血症的成人中,CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间和固定 7 天治疗的 30 天临床失败率不劣于固定 14 天治疗。然而,与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的低依从性和宽范围的治疗持续时间,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。-∞ 到 6.3];P < .001)。到第 90 天,CRP 组 143 名患者中有 10 名(7.0%)发生临床失败,7 天组 151 名患者中有 16 名(10.6%),14 天组 153 名患者中有 16 名(10.5%)发生临床失败。结论和相关性 在无并发症革兰氏阴性菌血症的成人中,CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间和固定 7 天治疗的 30 天临床失败率不劣于固定 14 天治疗。然而,与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。5%)在 14 天组中。结论和相关性 在无复杂性革兰氏阴性菌血症的成人中,CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间和固定 7 天治疗的 30 天临床失败率不劣于固定 14 天治疗。然而,与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。5%)在 14 天组中。结论和相关性 在无并发症革兰氏阴性菌血症的成人中,CRP 指导的抗生素治疗持续时间和固定 7 天治疗的 30 天临床失败率不劣于固定 14 天治疗。然而,与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。与低观察事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。与观察到的低事件率相比,CRP 指导组的依从性低和治疗持续时间范围广,因此解释受到较大的非劣效性界限的限制。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT03101072。
更新日期:2020-06-02
down
wechat
bug