Objective: We performed this meta-analysis to assess the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Method: We conducted extensive searches on the PubMed, Science and Cochrane Library to identify all articles. Outcomes including annual prostate growth rate, prostate volume (PV), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), IPSS sub-scores (voiding and storage), prostate- specific antigen (PSA), maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual urine volume (PVR) and quality of life (QoL) were assessed.

Results: 21 studies with 15,317 patients were included. Patients with MetS had higher annual prostate growth rate [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.79; p < .001], larger PV (WMD = 2.62; p < .001), lower Qmax (WMD = −0.48; p = .001) and more PVR (WMD = 8.28; p < .001). However, no significant differences were found between two groups in IPSS (WMD = 0.20; p = .37), IPSS-voiding (WMD = −0.05; p = .78), IPSS-storage (WMD = −0.22; p = .26), PSA (WMD = 0.04; p = .43), and QoL (WMD = −0.01; p = .70).

Conclusions: The study suggested that MetS may be one of the risk factors for the clinical progress of BPH. However, further study is warranted to support these results.

目的：我们进行了这项荟萃分析，以评估代谢综合征 (MetS) 与良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 之间的关联。

方法：我们对 PubMed、Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆进行了广泛搜索，以识别所有文章。结果包括年度前列腺生长率、前列腺体积 (PV)、国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、IPSS 子评分（排尿和储存）、前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA)、最大尿流率 (Qmax)、排尿后评估残余尿量（PVR）和生活质量（QoL）。

结果：纳入 21 项研究，共 15,317 名患者。MetS 患者的前列腺年增长率较高 [加权平均差 (WMD) = 0.79；p  < .001]、更大的 PV (WMD = 2.62; p  < .001)、更低的 Qmax (WMD = -0.48; p  = .001) 和更多的 PVR (WMD = 8.28; p  < .001)。然而，两组在IPSS（WMD = 0.20；p  = .37）、IPSS-voiding（WMD = -0.05；p  = .78）、IPSS-存储（WMD = -0.22；p  = . 26)、PSA (WMD = 0.04; p  = .43) 和 QoL (WMD = -0.01; p  = .70)。

结论：研究提示MetS可能是BPH临床进展的危险因素之一。然而，需要进一步的研究来支持这些结果。