The preparation of activated carbon materials is discussed along selected examples of precursor materials, of available production and modification methods and possible characterization techniques. We evaluate the preparation methods for activated carbon materials with respect to its use as catalyst support and identify important parameters for metal loading. The considered carbon sources include coal, wood, agricultural wastes or biomass as well as ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents or precursor solutions. The preparation of the activated carbon usually involves pre-treatment steps followed by physical or chemical activation and application dependent modification. In addition, highly porous materials can also be produced by salt templating or ultrasonic spray pyrolysis as well as by microwave irradiation. The resulting activated carbon materials are characterized by a variety of techniques such as SEM, FTIR, nitrogen adsorption, Boehm titrations, adsorption of phenol, methylene blue and iodine, TPD, CHNS/O elemental analysis, EDX, XPS, XRD and TGA.

中文翻译：

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活性炭作为催化剂载体：前体，制备，改性和表征。

沿着选定的前体材料实例，可用的生产和改性方法以及可能的表征技术，讨论了活性炭材料的制备。我们评估了活性炭材料作为催化剂载体的制备方法，并确定了金属负载的重要参数。所考虑的碳源包括煤炭，木材，农业废料或生物质以及离子液体，深共熔溶剂或前体溶液。活性炭的制备通常涉及预处理步骤，然后进行物理或化学活化以及取决于应用的改性。另外，还可以通过盐模板化或超声喷雾热解以及微波辐射来生产高度多孔的材料。