The acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) predicts that acoustic signals are selected to propagate more efficiently in the habitat where they are normally transmitted. Several studies corroborated the AAH for primates and birds, but evidence for frogs is contentious: While most studies failed to support the AAH, recent studies have shown that within‐species variation conforms to the predictions of the AAH. Herein, we test the AAH by comparing advertisement calls of Phyllomedusa nordestina from two contrasting habitats (Atlantic Rainforest and Caatinga) and by testing the influence of the amount of vegetation around calling sites on acoustic parameters of frog calls. The interval between pulses was significantly different between individuals from the Atlantic Rainforest and from the Caatinga, and the number of pulses was correlated with the amount of vegetation around calling sites. Hence, our results indicate that multiple evolutionary forces may act simultaneously on the advertisement calls of frogs.

中文翻译：

---

猴蛙 Phyllomedusa nordestina 的栖息地依赖性广告呼叫变异

声学适应假设 (AAH) 预测，选择声学信号以在它们通常传输的栖息地中更有效地传播。几项研究证实了灵长类动物和鸟类的 AAH，但青蛙的证据存在争议：虽然大多数研究未能支持 AAH，但最近的研究表明，物种内变异符合 AAH 的预测。在此，我们通过比较来自两个对比栖息地（大西洋雨林和卡廷加）的 Phyllomedusa nordestina 的广告呼叫以及测试呼叫地点周围植被数量对青蛙呼叫声学参数的影响来测试 AAH。来自大西洋雨林和卡廷加的个体之间的脉冲间隔显着不同，并且脉冲数量与呼叫地点周围的植被数量相关。因此，我们的结果表明，多种进化力量可能同时作用于青蛙的广告呼叫。