Residency is an important predictor of success in contests with ownership asymmetries. Residency often can interact with a winning experience. However, given that some residents lose a contest even when showing an ownership advantage and that the process leading to loss often determines the loser's subsequent success, prior ownership might also interact with a loss. Here, we staged experimental contests between males of the hermit crab Pagurus minutus with a similar‐sized weapon (i.e., cheliped) to examine this possibility. Male–male contests in this species occur between a solitary intruder and an owner guarding a mature female. We evaluated (a) whether resource ownership and female value affect the contest outcome and (b) whether the probability of winning after losing differs depending on the initial role of the loser (i.e., owner or intruder) by using precopulatory guarding pairs of P. minutus collected from the field. In the first fighting trial, we found an ownership advantage and increasing owner success as the body size of his partner increased. Although some owners lost the fight, in contrast to our prediction, the frequency of losing in the second fighting trial did not differ between prior owners and prior intruders. Because losers from the first fighting trial of male–male contests have no female regardless of their initial role, this shared solitary status might be related to the lack of difference in success in the second fighting trial. Moreover, unlike in other animals, resident status might not always assure greater fighting ability in P. minutus males because guarding Pagurus males can avoid male–male contests by climbing up objects in the field. Losers in the first trial, therefore, may have been weaker contestants based on traits other than size, regardless of whether they were owners or intruders.

中文翻译：

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先前的居住与损失相互作用吗？寄居蟹 Pagurus minutus 雄性竞争的研究

居住权是所有权不对称竞争成功的重要预测因素。居住通常可以与成功的体验互动。然而，鉴于一些居民即使在展示所有权优势时也会输掉比赛，并且导致损失的过程通常决定了输家随后的成功，因此先前的所有权也可能与损失相互作用。在这里，我们在寄居蟹 Pagurus minutus 的雄性之间使用类似大小的武器（即螯足）进行了实验竞赛，以检验这种可能性。该物种的雄性-雄性竞争发生在一个孤独的入侵者和一个守卫成年雌性的主人之间。 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 我们评估了 (a) 资源所有权和女性价值是否会影响比赛结果以及 (b) 失败后获胜的概率是否因失败者的初始角色而异（即，所有者或入侵者）通过使用从现场收集的 P. minutus 的预交配保护对。在第一次格斗试验中，我们发现了所有权优势，并且随着伴侣体型的增加，所有者的成功率也会增加。虽然有些业主输掉了战斗，但与我们的预测相反，在第二次战斗中失败的频率在先前的业主和先前的入侵者之间没有差异。因为无论最初的角色是什么，第一次男女格斗的失败者都没有女性，这种共同的孤独状态可能与第二次格斗比赛的成功率没有差异有关。此外，与其他动物不同，常驻状态可能并不总是确保 P. minutus 雄性具有更强的战斗能力，因为守卫 Pagurus 雄性可以通过攀爬野外物体来避免雄性竞争。