Various pollutants co‐exist in the aquatic environment such as carbamazepine (CBZ) and copper (Cu), which can cause complex effects on inhabiting organisms. The toxic impacts of the single substance have been studied extensively. However, the studies about their combined adverse impacts are not enough. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ (1, 10, and 100 μg/L), Cu (0.5, 5, and 10 μg/L) and the mixtures (1 μg/L CBZ + 0.5 μg/L Cu, 10 μg/L CBZ + 5 μg/L Cu, 100 μg/L CBZ + 10 μg/L Cu) for 45 days, the effects on nervous and antioxidant systems of zebrafish were investigated. The results demonstrated that, in comparison with single exposure group, the combined presence of CBZ and Cu exacerbated the effect of antioxidant system (the ability of inhibition of hydroxyl radicals (IHR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST)) but not nervous system (Acetylcholinesterase [AChE]). The qPCR results supported the changes of corresponding enzymes activities. Hepatic histopathological analysis verified the results of biomarkers. Our work illustrated that the toxicity of mixed pollutants is very complicated, which cannot simply be inferred from the toxicity of single pollutant, and calls for more co‐exposure experiments to better understanding of the co‐effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms.

中文翻译：

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卡马西平和铜对斑马鱼神经系统和抗氧化系统的单一和联合作用（Danio rerio）

卡马西平 (CBZ) 和铜 (Cu) 等多种污染物共存于水生环境中，会对栖息生物造成复杂的影响。单一物质的毒性影响已得到广泛研究。然而，对其综合不利影响的研究还不够。在本研究中，斑马鱼暴露于环境相关浓度的 CBZ（1、10 和 100 μg/L）、Cu（0.5、5 和 10 μg/L）和混合物（1 μg/L CBZ + 0.5 μg /L Cu、10 μg/L CBZ + 5 μg/L Cu、100 μg/L CBZ + 10 μg/L Cu) 45 天，研究对斑马鱼神经和抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明，与单一暴露组相比，CBZ和Cu的联合存在加剧了抗氧化系统的作用（抑制羟基自由基（IHR）的能力，超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST)），但不是神经系统（乙酰胆碱酯酶 [AChE]）。qPCR 结果支持相应酶活性的变化。肝脏组织病理学分析验证了生物标志物的结果。我们的工作表明，混合污染物的毒性非常复杂，不能简单地从单一污染物的毒性推断出来，需要更多的共暴露实验来更好地了解污染物对水生生物的共同作用。