Abstract The present review focuses on synergistic effectsof silica aerogels/xerogels on properties of polymer composites. In first part of the review, synthesis of silica aerogels/xerogels from inexpensive silica precursors in addition to silicon alkoxides is explained in detail. The promising properties such as highly porous structure, low density, high thermal stability, low thermal conductivity and acoustic velocity, and controllable hydrophobicity of silica aerogels/xerogels and their applications are enlarged upon. In other part of the review, enhanced properties of various polymer composites are summarized in the presence of silica aerogel/xerogel as filler. The significant improvements in thermal and sound insulation performance, physicomechanical properties and service life under harsh environmental conditions of polymer composites including silica aerogel/xerogel are represented. The desirable properties of the polymer composites extend potential high technology applications of these materials.

中文翻译：

---

二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶对聚合物复合材料性能的协同作用：综述

摘要 本综述的重点是二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶对聚合物复合材料性能的协同作用。在评论的第一部分，详细解释了从廉价的二氧化硅前体和硅醇盐合成二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶。二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶的高多孔结构、低密度、高热稳定性、低导热率和声速以及可控的疏水性等有前途的特性及其应用得到了扩展。在评论的其他部分，总结了在二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶作为填料存在的情况下各种聚合物复合材料的增强性能。隔热和隔音性能的显着改善，展示了包括二氧化硅气凝胶/干凝胶在内的聚合物复合材料在恶劣环境条件下的物理机械性能和使用寿命。聚合物复合材料的理想特性扩展了这些材料的潜在高科技应用。