Abstract—

According to one hypotheses, the success of invasive species is due to increased hybridization processes in the secondary distribution range. The purpose of the study was to predict the further rate of the introduction of goldenrod taxa (Solidago L.) in the natural phytocenoses that form in the secondary distribution range with verification of the hybrid nature of these taxa via experimental and molecular genetic methods and to test the hypothesis of higher competitiveness and invasive activity of hybrids with relation to parental species. For comparison, an analysis of the hybridogenic activity of some other representatives of the Asteraceae family of North American origin (Bidens spp., Erigeron sect., Conyza spp.) based on data previously obtained by the authors. It is shown that not all taxa with intermediate morphological characters are hybrids. Thus, neither experimental nor molecular genetic methods confirmed the hybrid origin of Bidens × garumnae and Solidago сanadensis × S. gigantea. Hybrids Solidago × niederederi, S. × snarskisii, and Conyza × rouyana, which have arisen in Europe. They are found only in the secondary distribution range of parental species and are solitary and less competitive than their ancestral forms. A tendency to naturalize is observed only in S. × niederederi. Thus, the hypothesis of the higher competitive ability and invasive activity of hybrids as compared to parental species is not comprehensive, and its supporting examples are the exception rather than the rule.

中文翻译：

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杂交是入侵外来金毛rod种（一枝黄花）的一个因素。

摘要-

根据一种假设，入侵物种的成功归因于二次分布范围内杂交过程的增加。这项研究的目的是通过实验和分子遗传学方法验证这些类群的杂种性质，从而预测在二级分布范围内形成的天然植物素中引入金毛tax类群（Solidago L.）的进一步速率。检验与亲本物种有关的杂种具有更高竞争力和入侵活性的假说。为了进行比较，分析了北美起源的菊科家族的一些其他代表的杂交活性（Bidens spp。，Erigeron sect。，Conyzaspp。）基于作者先前获得的数据。结果表明，并非所有具有中等形态特征的分类单元都是杂种。因此，无论是实验还是分子遗传学方法都没有证实Bidens×garumnae和Solidagoсanadensis×S. gigantea的杂交起源。欧洲出现的杂种Solidago×niederederi，S。×snarskisii和Conyza×rouyana。它们仅在亲本物种的次要分布范围内发现，比其祖先形式单生且竞争性较低。仅在S.×niederederi中观察到归化趋势。因此，与亲本物种相比，杂种具有更高竞争能力和侵袭活性的假说并不全面，其支持的例子是例外而不是规则。