Abstract

The frost resistance of Sosnowsky’s hogweed plants (Heracleum sosnowsky Manden.) has been evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. The death of seedlings and adult plants observed within a temperature range from –6 to –12°C indicates low frost tolerance of the species. A snow cover provides a stable soil temperature (no less than –3°С) at the depth of renewal bud location and, therefore, provides the sustainability of meristematic potential in cenopopulations of H. sosnowsky. A shifting of freezing temperature for a H. sosnowsky meristem from –12°С (autumn) to –5 to –7°С (spring) is probably caused by the lack of a true dormancy stage and by changes in the content of cryoprotectors. Plant seeds also demonstrate reduced frost resistance after stratification (overwintering) and increased tissue water content. Field studies were carried out with assistance of volunteers within the framework of the “Moroz” (“Frost”) project arranged within the borders of the invasion habitat of the species in European Russia and based on the principles of citizen science. The results of the study show that the destruction of Sosnowsky’s hogweed plants after the snow cover removal depends only on weather conditions. Thus, elimination of H. sosnovsky stands by freezing can be recommended only for regions where average long-term minimum temperatures in January and February do not exceed –25°C; this method can be relevant for territories where the use of chemical herbicides is limited or prohibited.

中文翻译：

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Sosnowsky的猪草抗冻性的实验室和现场评估

摘要

已在实验室和野外条件下评估了Sosnowsky的猪草植物（Heracleum sosnowsky Manden。）的抗冻性。在–6至–12°C的温度范围内观察到的幼苗和成年植物的死亡表明该物种的抗冻性较低。积雪可在更新芽的位置提供稳定的土壤温度（不低于–3°С），因此可为sosnowsky的人口中的分生能力提供可持续性。Sosnowsky的冻结温度变化从–12°С（秋季）到–5至–7°С（春季）的分生组织可能是由于缺乏真正的休眠阶段以及冷冻保护剂含量的变化所致。植物种子还表现出分层（越冬）后降低的抗冻性和增加的组织含水量。在“ Moroz”（“弗罗斯特”）项目框架内，根据公民科学原则，在志愿者的协助下进行了野外研究，该项目位于欧洲俄罗斯物种入侵栖息地的边界内。研究结果表明，除雪覆盖后Sosnowsky的猪草植物的销毁仅取决于天气条件。因此，消除了H. sosnovsky仅在一月和二月的平均长期最低温度不超过–25°C的区域，才建议采用冷冻冷藏。此方法可能与限制或禁止使用化学除草剂的地区有关。