Abstract

Alien species of amphipods were registered in Belarus in the early 2000s. Over many years of observing the structure of the riverine macrozoobenthos community, a decrease in the frequency of occurrence of indigenous amphipod species in the southern part of Belarus was noted. In order to find an explanation of the current process, a laboratory experiment was conducted to study the predatory effect of the invasive alien (Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894)) and native (Gammarus varsoviensis Jazdzewski, 1975) species of amphipods on some macrozoobenthos groups to compare the values of predation rates of amphipods and interspecific interaction of the two amphipod species. During the experiments on the food selectivity, it was found that invasive alien and native species of amphipods consumed the same number of macrozoobenthos groups. The maximum values of the predation rate of amphipods were determined when they consumed water louse and mayfly larvae; there were no statistically significant differences found. The average values of the predation rate of the invasive alien species were lower when it consumed adults of G. varsoviensis than young of G. varsoviensis. On the basis of the experimental data, it can be assumed that the direct predatory pressure of D. villosus or another similar alien species of amphipods (for example, D. haemobaphes (Eichwald, 1841)) is one of the main reasons for the disappearance of G. varsoviensis from the river sections where it was previously found.

中文翻译：

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入侵外星人Dikerogammarus villosus（Sowinsky，1894）和本地伽玛鲁斯varsoviensis Jazdzewski，1975两栖动物的掠食行为比较分析

摘要

2000年代初期，外来物种的两栖动物在白俄罗斯注册。多年来观察河边大型动物的结构，注意到白俄罗斯南部土著两栖动物物种的发生频率下降。为了找到对当前过程的解释，进行了一项实验室实验，以研究侵入性外星人（Dikerogammarus villosus（Sowinsky，1894））和本地外来人（Gammarus varsoviensis）的掠食作用。Jazdzewski，1975年）在一些大型动物群中发现了两栖类动物，以比较两栖类动物的捕食率和种间相互作用的值。在食物选择性实验中，发现外来入侵物种和两栖类入侵物种消耗了相同数量的大型动物。确定了两栖类动物食水虱和fly蝇幼虫的捕食率的最大值。没有发现统计学上的显着差异。外来入侵物种的捕食率的平均值较低时，它消耗的成年人G. varsoviensis比年轻的G. varsoviensis。根据实验数据，可以假定D. villosus或另一种类似的两栖类外来物种（例如，D。haemobaphes（Eichwald，1841））是G. varsoviensis从先前发现的河段消失的主要原因之一。