Abstract—

This paper discusses the basic aspects of the modern understanding of semantic computations, semantic technologies, and semantic applications in the field of artificial intelligence. The basic terminology accepted in the work is introduced and specific examples of semantic applications, including industrial-level ones, are given. The paper demonstrates that the basic components of semantic technologies of artificial intelligence are ontologies and semantic models of their use, semantic resources, and the semantic component of the technology. The semantic resources contain information about the semantics of words and other entities, as well as means of refinement of these semantics. The semantic component is used to create formal descriptions of the meanings of natural language entities and numerically evaluate their pairwise semantic similarity. The available semantic resources are discussed and a comparative analysis of them is given. Information on natural language entity types (primitives) is given and then used for the practical purposes of building models of formal description of the meaning of texts in various semantic applications. The latter components of description of text semantics constitute the contents of the second part of this paper.

中文翻译：

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语义应用的语义技术。第1部分。语义技术的基本组成

摘要—

本文讨论了对语义计算，语义技术以及人工智能领域中的语义应用的现代理解的基本方面。介绍了工作中接受的基本术语，并给出了语义应用的特定示例，包括工业级语义应用。本文证明了人工智能语义技术的基本组成部分是其使用的本体和语义模型，语义资源以及该技术的语义组成部分。语义资源包含有关单词和其他实体的语义的信息以及这些语义的提炼方法。语义组件用于创建自然语言实体含义的形式描述，并在数值上评估它们的成对语义相似性。讨论了可用的语义资源，并对其进行了比较分析。提供有关自然语言实体类型（原始）的信息，然后将其用于构建各种语义应用中文本含义的形式描述模型的实际目的。文本语义描述的后一部分构成了本文第二部分的内容。