Abstract

Present study carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications for determining additive, dominance and cytoplasmic effects on inheritance of yield and some of agro-morphological traits in bread wheat. The highest value of grain yield (265.5 g m^–1) was obtained in p6. Dominance variance was larger than additive variance for grain-filling period (GFP), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), flag leaf exit (FLE), canopy temperature (CT), early growth vigor (EGV), grain length (GL) and thousand-grain weight (TGW). Whereas, the additive variance was larger than dominance one for days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), peduncle length (PL), SPAD and grain yield (GY). Therefore, for these traits selection in early breeding generations could be effective to bring positive changes in these traits. There were significantly positive additive effects (A) of P₁ on GFP, CT, GL and TGW; of P₃ on DH and DM; P₄ on PL, FLE, SPAD and GY and of P₆ on PH, SL and EGW. The crosses containing g3 × g4, g4 × g5 and g4 × g6 were indicated positive and significant heterosis for grain yield. P6 were desirable parent for reducing days to heading and maturity and increasing plant height, spike length and early growth vigor.

中文翻译：

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基于加性优势模型的小麦杂种形态性状的遗传分析

摘要

本研究在随机完整区组设计中进行，其中三个重复用于确定面包小麦的加性，优势和细胞质对产量遗传和某些农业形态性状的影响。粮食最高价值（265.5 gm ^–1）是在p6中获得的。籽粒充实期（GFP），株高（PH），穗长（SL），旗叶出口（FLE），冠层温度（CT），早期生长势（EGV），籽粒长度的优势变异大于加性变异（GL）和千粒重（TGW）。相对于抽穗期（DH），成熟期（DM），花梗长度（PL），SPAD和谷物产量（GY），加性方差大于主导性。因此，对于这些性状的选择，可以在早期育种中有效地带来这些性状的积极变化。P ₁对GFP，CT，GL和TGW有明显的正加性效应（A）；P ₃对DH和DM的影响；PL，FLE，SPAD和GY上的P ₄和P ₆在PH，SL和EGW上。包含g3×g4，g4×g5和g4×g6的杂交显示出籽粒产量的正杂种优势。P6是理想的亲本，可减少抽穗和成熟的天数并增加株高，穗长和早期生长活力。