Abstract

Milling properties of seven varieties and accessions of durum winter and spring wheat grain (Pobeda 70, Donskaya Elegiya, Bezenchukskaya Niva, Triada, and Nikolasha) grown in Moscow and Orel oblasts were studied. The Pobeda 70 variety of durum winter wheat, created in the Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of Field Crops of the Russian State Agrarian University–Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy and characterized by high winter hardiness and yield (up to 7 t/ha) is of particular interest. The grinding of the initial samples was carried out according to the developed technological scheme with the inclusion of break, grate, sanding, and effluent systems. Analysis of the quality indicators of the presented varieties and accessions' processed products (macaroni groats, half-cuts, and second-grade flour) showed that, of the seven samples of durum wheat, five have excellent milling properties, one sample has good milling properties, and another sample is satisfactory. The yield of the highest-grade flour for pasta according to GOST 31 463-2012 in the presented samples of durum wheat was 56.1–68%, with the total yield of pasta grains and flour ranging from 80.0 to 86.5%. The grain of accessions of durum spring wheat Triada and durum winter wheat Pobeda 70, grown in conditions of the Orel oblast, had the best flour-grinding properties. They gave 68 and 67% of high-grade flour for pasta (in terms of ash content) with a total flour yield of 82.9 and 84.5%, respectively. The worst flour-milling properties were recorded for the grain of the durum spring wheat Nikolasha, grown in the conditions of Moscow oblast, from which it was not possible to obtain high-grade flour for pasta.

中文翻译：

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杜伦冬小麦和春小麦籽粒品种和有前途品种的碾磨特性。

摘要

研究了在莫斯科和奥勒尔州种植的七个硬粒小麦和春小麦品种（Pobeda 70，Donskaya Elegiya，Bezenchukskayaskaya Niva，Triada和Nikolasha）的碾磨特性。在俄罗斯国立农业大学-季米亚列谢夫莫斯科农业科学院的田间作物育种和种子生产实验室中创建的Pobeda 70硬质小麦品种，具有很高的耐寒性和单产（最高7吨/公顷）特别关注。初始样品的研磨是根据开发的技术方案进行的，包括破碎，炉排，砂磨和废水处理系统。对所介绍品种和品位的加工产品（通心粉去壳，半切和二等面粉）的质量指标进行分析后发现，在硬粒小麦的7个样品中，有5个具有出色的制粉性能，一个样品具有良好的制粉性能，而另一个样品则令人满意。根据提交的硬粒小麦样品，按照GOST 31 463-2012的最高质量面食面粉产量为56.1–68％，面食谷物和面粉的总产量为80.0至86.5％。在奥勒尔邦条件下生长的硬质春小麦Triada和硬质冬小麦Pobeda 70的籽粒具有最佳的粉磨特性。他们提供了68％和67％的高级面食面粉（以灰分计），面粉的总产率分别为82.9和84.5％。在莫斯科州的条件下，硬粒春小麦Nikolasha的谷物的粉磨性能最差，