Abstract

Additional horizontal traces of ground reflections were observed in a studied series of high-latitude, Kp sounding ionograms from the Interkosmos-19 satellite. The ionograms were recorded on May 11, 1979, in the nighttime (0000–0100 LT), weakly perturbed (Kp = 3+) ionosphere of the Southern hemisphere in the region of the main ionospheric trough. The trough had a flat bottom, as well as a steep and high polar wall formed by the precipitation of particles on the equatorial edge of the auroral oval. An additional ground trace was removed from the main trace from 100 to 800 km when the satellite moved from the polar wall to midlatitudes. Ray tracing showed that additional ground traces are formed by multiple reflections from the polar wall and the Earth’s surface. At the same time, it was possible to achieve almost complete agreement between the model ionogram and the experimental one.

中文翻译：

---

Interkosmos-19卫星在夜槽中的电离图上地面反射的附加水平迹线

摘要

在来自Interkosmos-19卫星的一系列高纬度Kp探测电离图中，观察到了地面反射的其他水平轨迹。1979年5月11日夜间（0000-0100 LT），微扰（Kp= 3+）在主电离谷区域内的南半球电离层。该槽的底部平坦，并且由于在极光椭圆形的赤道边缘上沉淀有颗粒而形成的陡峭且高极性的壁。当卫星从极地壁移动到中纬度时，从主迹线移除了100至800 km的另一条地面迹线。射线追踪表明，极地壁和地球表面的多次反射形成了额外的地面轨迹。同时，有可能在模型电离图和实验电离图之间实现几乎完全一致。