Abstract

Recent advances in the synthesis of polymer-immobilized clusters and metal nanoparticles and their use in catalysis of many organic reactions were presented. The main types of polymer-immobilized catalysts were considered, including cluster-containing polymers, polymer-protected metal nanoparticles fixed on inorganic supports, and gel-immobilized catalysts. Special attention was paid to the role of the polymer matrix. It functions not only as a stabilizing agent that prevents the aggregation of nanoparticles and their leaching into the reaction medium, but also as a ligand in the coordination sphere of the metal site, which allows the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts to be combined in one catalyst.

中文翻译：

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固定化聚合物的簇和金属纳米颗粒的催化作用

摘要

提出了聚合物固定簇和金属纳米粒子的合成及其在许多有机反应催化中的最新进展。考虑了聚合物固定催化剂的主要类型，包括含团簇的聚合物，固定在无机载体上的聚合物保护的金属纳米粒子和凝胶固定的催化剂。特别注意了聚合物基质的作用。它不仅用作稳定剂，可防止纳米粒子聚集和浸出到反应介质中，而且还可以作为金属位点配位域中的配体，从而将均相和非均相催化剂的优点结合在一起催化剂。