Objective and design

Oral mucositis (OM) is an intense inflammatory reaction progressing to tissue damage and ulceration. The medicinal uses of Calotropis procera are supported by anti-inflammatory capacity. PII-IAA, a highly homogenous cocktail of laticifer proteins (LP) prepared from the latex of C. procera, with recognized pharmacological properties was tested to treat OM.

Materials and subjects

Male Golden Sirius hamsters were used in all treatments.

Treatment

The latex protein samples were injected i.p. (5 mg/Kg) 24 h before mucositis induction (mechanical trauma) and 24 h later.

Methods

Histology, cytokine measurements [ELISA], and macroscopic evaluation [scores] were performed.

Results

PII-IAA eliminated OM, accompanied by total disappearance of myeloperoxidase activity and release of IL-1b, as well as reduced TNF-a. Oxidative stress was relieved by PII-IAA treatment, as revealed by MDA and GSH measurements. PII-IAA also reduced the expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and Iba-1, two important markers of inflammation, indicating modulatory effects. Histological analyses of the cheek epithelium revealed greater deposition of type I collagen fibers in animals given PII-IAA compared with the control group. This performance was only reached when LPPII was treated with iodoacetamide (IAA), an irreversible inhibitor of proteolytic activity of cysteine proteases. The endogenous proteolytic activity of LPPII induced adverse effects in animals. Candidate proteins involved in the phytomodulatory activity are proposed.

Conclusions

Therapy was successful in treating OM with the laticifer protein fraction, containing peptidases and osmotin, from Calotropis procera. The effective candidate from the latex proteins for therapeutic use is PII-IAA.

中文翻译：

---

药用植物 Calotropis procera 的抗炎乳胶蛋白：口腔粘膜炎治疗的有希望的替代品。

目标与设计

口腔黏膜炎 (OM) 是一种强烈的炎症反应，会发展为组织损伤和溃疡。Calotropis procera 的药用价值得到抗炎能力的支持。PII-IAA 是一种高度同质的乳管蛋白 (LP) 混合物，由 C. procera 的乳胶制备，具有公认的药理特性，已被测试用于治疗 OM。

材料和科目

所有治疗均使用雄性金天狼星仓鼠。

治疗

乳胶蛋白样品在粘膜炎诱导（机械创伤）前 24 小时和 24 小时后腹腔注射（5 mg/Kg）。

方法

进行了组织学、细胞因子测量 [ELISA] 和宏观评估 [评分]。

结果

PII-IAA 消除了 OM，伴随着髓过氧化物酶活性的完全消失和 IL-1b 的释放，以及减少的 TNF-a。如 MDA 和 GSH 测量所示，PII-IAA 处理可缓解氧化应激。PII-IAA 还降低了粘附分子 (ICAM-1) 和 Iba-1（炎症的两个重要标志物）的表达，表明具有调节作用。脸颊上皮的组织学分析显示，与对照组相比，给予 PII-IAA 的动物中 I 型胶原纤维的沉积更多。这种性能只有在用碘乙酰胺 (IAA) 处理 LPPII 时才能达到，IAA 是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶蛋白水解活性的不可逆抑制剂。LPPII 的内源性蛋白水解活性在动物中引起不良反应。提出了参与植物调节活性的候选蛋白质。

结论

使用来自 Calotropis procera 的含有肽酶和渗透素的乳管蛋白部分治疗 OM 是成功的。用于治疗用途的乳胶蛋白的有效候选者是 PII-IAA。