Abstract In this paper, a cross dipole antenna is proposed, designed, and developed for satellite communication applications. The design incorporates an alternative feeding mechanism of the coaxial/probe feeding technique with balun. The primary objective of this paper is to develop the high gain antenna with an array configuration for satellite communication. The performance parameters of an antenna such as return loss, radiation pattern, gain and directivity are investigated for cross dipole antenna and 1 × 2, 1 × 4 array configurations. It operates for Ku band (12–18 GHz) and produces a high gain with low return loss. The proposed antenna has five useful bands and exhibits a peak directive gain of 13.21 dBi at 12.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 0.89 GHz. Additional bands are also offering a gain of 11.23 dBi with a bandwidth of 0.849 GHz at 10.6 GHz, 6.59 dBi with a bandwidth of 0.6 GHz at 11.5 GHz, 12.13 dBi with a bandwidth of 1.37 GHz at 14.2 GHz and 10.47 dBi with a bandwidth of 1.3 GHz at 15.8 GHz. The cross dipole antenna is analyzed for 1 × 2, 1 × 4 array configuration in order to improve the overall gain. The proposed antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.007 with the thickness of 1.6 mm. The size of the proposed antenna is 72 × 84 mm. The proposed antenna meets the requirements of an antenna which is operating at Ku band; hence, it is found to be suitable for real time applications.

中文翻译：

---

卫星应用交叉偶极子天线的设计与开发

摘要 本文提出、设计和开发了一种用于卫星通信应用的交叉偶极子天线。该设计将同轴/探头馈电技术与巴伦的替代馈电机制相结合。本文的主要目标是开发用于卫星通信的阵列配置的高增益天线。针对交叉偶极天线和 1 × 2、1 × 4 阵列配置，研究了天线的性能参数，例如回波损耗、辐射方向图、增益和方向性。它在 Ku 频段 (12–18 GHz) 下运行，可产生高增益和低回波损耗。建议的天线有五个有用的频段，在 12.4 GHz 时具有 13.21 dBi 的峰值定向增益，带宽为 0.89 GHz。其他频段也提供 11.23 dBi 的增益，10.6 GHz 时的带宽为 0.849 GHz，6.59 dBi，11.5 GHz 时带宽为 0.6 GHz，12.13 dBi 带宽为 14.2 GHz 时 1.37 GHz，10.47 dBi 时 15.8 GHz 时带宽为 1.3 GHz。交叉偶极子天线针对 1 × 2、1 × 4 阵列配置进行分析，以提高整体增益。所提出的天线在 FR4 基板上制造，介电常数为 4.4，损耗角正切 (tan δ) 为 0.007，厚度为 1.6 mm。建议的天线尺寸为 72 × 84 mm。建议的天线满足工作在 Ku 频段的天线的要求；因此，它被发现适用于实时应用。1×4阵列配置以提高整体增益。所提出的天线在 FR4 基板上制造，介电常数为 4.4，损耗角正切 (tan δ) 为 0.007，厚度为 1.6 mm。建议的天线尺寸为 72 × 84 mm。建议的天线满足工作在 Ku 频段的天线的要求；因此，它被发现适用于实时应用。1×4阵列配置以提高整体增益。所提出的天线在 FR4 基板上制造，介电常数为 4.4，损耗角正切 (tan δ) 为 0.007，厚度为 1.6 mm。建议的天线尺寸为 72 × 84 mm。建议的天线满足工作在 Ku 频段的天线的要求；因此，它被发现适用于实时应用。