Abstract First, the special-relativistic Theory of Irreversible Processes for a multi-component fluid is formulated. It is based on (i) the balance equations of the particle number and the energy-momentum for the total system (i. e., the mixture of the components) as well as the sub-systems (i. e., the components) and (ii) the dissipation inequality and the Gibbs equation for the mixture. In order to allow for reactions between the single components, in contrast to the total system, the sub-systems are assumed to be open, which means that their particle number and energy-momentum are not constrained by conservation laws. Without making any assumptions on the thermodynamic behavior of the interacting components, one arrives at a thermodynamic description of the mixture showing now heat conduction and viscosity. In particular, this makes it possible to calculate the entropy production and, thus, to identify thermodynamic currents and forces. In a second part, the post-Newtonian limit of this theory is calculated to show that for the mixture there result relations known from classical Extended Thermodynamics that partly are corrected by entrainment terms. The mathematical origin and physical consequences of these terms are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

多组分流体不可逆热力学的相对论及其与经典扩展热力学相关的后牛顿极限

摘要 首先，建立了多组分流体不可逆过程的狭义相对论。它基于（i）整个系统（即组分的混合物）以及子系统（即组分）的粒子数和能量-动量的平衡方程和（ii）耗散不等式和混合物的吉布斯方程。为了允许单个组件之间的反应，与整个系统相比，子系统被假定为开放的，这意味着它们的粒子数和能量动量不受守恒定律的约束。无需对相互作用组分的热力学行为做出任何假设，就可以得出混合物的热力学描述，现在显示出热传导和粘度。特别是，这使得计算熵产生成为可能，从而确定热力学电流和力。在第二部分中，计算该理论的后牛顿极限以表明对于混合物，存在经典扩展热力学已知的关系，该关系部分由夹带项校正。讨论了这些术语的数学起源和物理结果。