Summary The mouse bile duct tapeworm Hymenolepis microstoma, is a potentially zoonotic species with a wide variety of reported definitive hosts of rodent genera. In the present study the occurrence of H. microstoma in free-living small mammals in selected areas of Slovakia and the retrospective analysis of epidemiological data published in Slovakia were performed. Hymenolepis microstoma was detected in two animal species, the common shrew (Sorex araneus) and the European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) of 186 small mammals examined from two ecosystems, urban and natural ecosystem of national park. No mention about the presence of this parasite in Slovakia in the past was found following a bibliographical search. Partial sequences of the nuclear paramyosin gene showed the shrew isolate placed in a subclade together with H. microstoma from Portugal, with high bootstrap value for its differentiation from the sister species Hymenolepis nana. Similarly, the analysis of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region placed the hamster isolate in the cluster composed of H. microstoma from Australia, Spain and Portugal. The Slovak isolate was the most distinctive sample among available H. microstoma, differing in 1.4 – 1.9% of nucleotides from the remaining isolates. The difference (seven of 17 nucleotide positions) was partially due to indel polymorphisms associated with two and five nucleotides. To our knowledge, these are the first reports of H. microstoma in Central Europe and also the first record of infection in the common shrew. A recently indicated zoonotic potential of H. microstoma along with a possibility of its direct transmission between animals and/or humans without the need of intermediate hosts pose a public health concern in contaminated areas of Slovakia. The use of molecular techniques may substantially facilitate more thorough understanding of the epidemiological situation of H. microstoma and related tapeworms in various ecosystems of the country.

中文翻译：

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斯洛伐克自由生活小型哺乳动物的小鼠胆管绦虫、Hymenolepis microstoma：发生和遗传分析

总结 小鼠胆管绦虫 Hymenolepis microstoma 是一种潜在的人畜共患物种，据报道有多种啮齿动物属的终宿主。在本研究中，对斯洛伐克选定地区自由生活的小型哺乳动物中小口嗜血杆菌的发生情况进行了回顾性分析，并对斯洛伐克发表的流行病学数据进行了回顾性分析。Hymenolepis microstoma 在两种动物物种中检测到，普通鼩 (Sorex araneus) 和欧洲仓鼠 (Cricetus cricetus) 来自国家公园的城市和自然生态系统两个生态系统中的 186 只小型哺乳动物。在进行书目搜索后，没有提到过去在斯洛伐克存在这种寄生虫。核副肌球蛋白基因的部分序列显示，鼩鼱分离物与来自葡萄牙的小口鼩一起放置在一个亚进化枝中，由于其与姐妹物种 Hymenolepis nana 的区别而具有高引导值。类似地，对核核糖体 ITS 区域的分析将仓鼠分离物置于由来自澳大利亚、西班牙和葡萄牙的 H. microstoma 组成的集群中。斯洛伐克分离株是可用的小口嗜血杆菌中最独特的样本，与其余分离株的核苷酸差异为 1.4 – 1.9%。差异（17 个核苷酸位置中的 7 个）部分是由于与两个和五个核苷酸相关的 indel 多态性。据我们所知，这是中欧首次报道微小口虫的报道，也是普通鼩鼱感染的首次记录。最近表明 H. 在斯洛伐克受污染地区，微口虫及其在不需要中间宿主的情况下在动物和/或人类之间直接传播的可能性构成了公共卫生问题。分子技术的使用可以极大地促进更透彻地了解该国各种生态系统中微型吸虫和相关绦虫的流行病学情况。