Essential oils can be considered antifungal agents in controlling food contamination, due to their biological potential. Eremanthus erythropappus essential oil (EEO) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and its chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography using mass spectrometer (GC‐MS) and flame ionization detectors (GC‐FID). EEO antifungal and antimycotoxygenic effect was evaluated on different species of Aspegillus genus. The main component of the EEO was α‐bisabolol (98.853%). The essential oil exhibited fungicidal activity at concentrations of 0.98, 15.63, and 15.63 μL/mL against Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus ochraceus, respectively. The application of the EEO significantly inhibited ochratoxin A production that ranged from 62.06% to 84.27% and from 68.29% to 98.44% for the fungal species A carbonarius and A ochraceus, respectively, and also inhibited the production qualitatively of aflatoxins B₁ and B₂. Ergosterol biosynthesis of fungi A carbonarius (76.56%‐92.07%), A flavus (81.28%‐97.75%), and A ochraceus (47.61%‐85.56%) significantly decreased in the presence of EEO. Electromicrographs showed morphological alterations and some damages caused by EEO in the fungal membranes of three fungi species. There was a change in the hyphae uniformity present in the fungi and also loss of conidia integrity in A carbonarius, and no conidia formation in A flavus and A ochraceus, after treatment with the essential oil. Therefore, the results suggested that EEO was capable of inhibit fungal growth, ergosterol biosynthesis, and the production of mycotoxins that can contaminate food.

中文翻译：

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红景天香精油对三种不同曲霉菌的抗真菌和抗霉菌作用

精油由于具有生物潜力，可以被视为控制食品污染的抗真菌剂。通过水蒸馏法提取红景天红景天精油（EEO），并使用质谱仪（GC-MS）和火焰离子化检测器（GC-FID）通过气相色谱法评估其化学成分。对不同种类的曲霉属植物评估了EEO的抗真菌和抗霉菌作用。EEO的主要成分是α-bisabolol（98.853％）。精油以0.98，15.63浓度表现出杀真菌活性，和15.63μL/ mL的抗曲霉炭黑，黄曲霉，和赭曲霉， 分别。施用EEO可以显着抑制species曲霉毒素A的产生，真菌种类A Carbonarius和A ochraceus分别产生62.06％至84.27％和68.29％至98.44％，并且定性抑制黄曲霉毒素B ₁和B _{2的产生。}。麦角固醇生物合成真菌A carbonarius（76.56％‐92.07％），A flavus（81.28％‐97.75％）和A ochraceusEEO存在时（47.61％-85.56％）显着降低。电镜显示三种真菌种类的真菌膜的形态改变和一些由EEO引起的损害。用精油处理后，真菌中的菌丝均匀性发生了变化，A carbonarius中的分生孢子完整性也有所下降，而A flavus和A ochraceus中没有分生孢子形成。因此，结果表明，EEO能够抑制真菌生长，麦角固醇的生物合成以及可污染食品的霉菌毒素的产生。