The industries like petroleum refining, petrochemicals, metallurgical, oil & gas, etc., generate a substantial volume of oily wastewater, and it is recognized as a potential threat to the environment. The topic of oily wastewater treatment is very topical and important to major industry developments such as shale oil and gas. Among the techniques employed, the treatment of oily wastewater using polymeric ultrafiltration membrane (UFM) has emerged as a cost-effective technique with ease of operation as well as high separation efficiency over the conventional oily wastewater treatment methods. The major limitation of the UFM technique is mainly due to the fouling of membranes because of the accumulation of tiny oil droplets on the surface and blockage of membrane pores. Therefore, the enhanced wettability (i.e., hydrophilicity) and the antifouling behavior of membranes are the key parameters to improve the performance of UFMs. In this review, we briefly highlight the parametric effects on the performance of UFM performance, which includes the (i) composition of the membrane related to the blend-ratio of several additives (namely, polymeric, inorganic, grafted polymers, etc.) (ii) operating conditions (pH, temperature, salinity, oil concentration, and cross-flow velocity of feed, the viscosity of casting solution and salinity of the coagulation bath, etc.) and (iii) process optimization. The review further provides an insight into the fouling of membranes using oily wastewater. Finally, the present review emphasizes the challenges faced for commercial applications of UFM, economic aspects as well as the range of strategies for the researchers to follow.

石油精炼，石化，冶金，石油和天然气等行业产生大量的含油废水，被认为是对环境的潜在威胁。含油废水的处理是非常热门的话题，对于页岩油和天然气等主要行业的发展至关重要。在所采用的技术中，与传统的含油废水处理方法相比，使用聚合物超滤膜（UFM）处理含油废水已成为一种经济高效的技术，具有易于操作以及分离效率高的优点。UFM技术的主要局限性主要归因于膜的结垢，这是由于表面上微小的油滴积聚和膜孔的堵塞所致。因此，提高了润湿性（即 亲水性）和膜的防污性能是提高UFM性能的关键参数。在本文中，我们简要介绍了UFM性能的参数影响，包括（i）与几种添加剂（即聚合物，无机，接枝聚合物等）的混合比有关的膜组成（ ii）操作条件（pH，温度，盐度，油浓度和进料的错流速度，浇铸溶液的粘度和凝固浴的盐度等），以及（iii）工艺优化。该评论进一步提供了对含油废水膜污染的见解。最后，本综述着重介绍了UFM的商业应用所面临的挑战，经济方面以及研究人员应遵循的策略范围。