Sodium metabisulfite (SMBS), potassium metabisulfite (PMBS), aluminum sulfate (AlS) and aluminum potassium sulfate (AlPS), common sulfur-containing salts used as food additives, were evaluated for their antifungal activity against Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum and Geotrichum citri-aurantii, the most economically important pathogens causing postharvest diseases of citrus fruits. In vitro radial mycelial growth was measured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) Petri dishes amended with five different concentrations of the salts (10, 20, 30, 50, 100 mM) after 7 d of incubation at 25 °C. SMBS and PMBS at all concentrations, and AIS and AIPS above 20 mM, completely inhibited the growth of these fungi. The curative antifungal activity of the four salts to control citrus green (GM) and blue (BM) molds and sour rot (SR) was evaluated on ‘Valencia’ oranges artificially inoculated in rind wounds with P. digitatum, P. italicum and G. citri-aurantii, respectively. In vivo primary screenings showed no significant antifungal activity of AlS and AlPS to control the three diseases at any dose tested, but SMBS and PMBS reduced the incidence and severity of GM, BM and SR at various concentrations. Effective salts and concentrations were selected for in vivo dip treatments in small-scale trials. Dips at room temperature (20 °C) in SMBS and PMBS at 20 and 50 mM for 60 or 120 s significantly reduced the incidence and severity of GM and BM, with PMBS at 50 mM for 120 s the most effective treatment. Conversely, dips in SMBS and PMBS at 50 mM for 60 or 120 s did not reduce SR incidence and severity. SMBS and PMBS treatments are potentially new tools to be included in reduced-risk non-polluting strategies to control Penicillium diseases, but not SR, on citrus fruits.

焦亚硫酸钠（SMBS），焦亚硫酸钾（PMBS），硫酸铝（ALS）和硫酸铝钾（ALPS），用作食品添加剂共同含硫的盐，测试它们的抗真菌活性进行评价对指状青霉，青霉和白地霉螨-aurantii，是导致柑桔类水果收获后疾病的最经济重要的病原体。在25°C孵育7天后，在用5种不同浓度的盐（10、20、30、50、100 mM修正）的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）培养皿上测量体外radial菌丝生长。所有浓度的SMBS和PMBS以及高于20 mM的AIS和AIPS完全抑制了这些真菌的生长。四个盐控制柑桔绿（GM）和蓝色（BM）的模具和腐酸（SR）的所述固化剂的抗真菌活性上“瓦伦西亚”橙子皮伤口人工接种与评价状青霉，P. italicum的和G.柠檬， 分别。体内初步筛选显示，在任何测试剂量下，AlS和AlPS对三种疾病的控制均无明显的抗真菌活性，但SMBS和PMBS降低了各种浓度下GM，BM和SR的发生率和严重程度。在小规模试验中，选择了有效的盐和浓度进行体内浸泡治疗。室温（20°C）下的SMBS和PMBS在20和50 mM下浸入60或120 s可以显着降低GM和BM的发生率和严重程度，其中PMBS在50 mM下持续120 s是最有效的治疗方法。相反，SMBS和PMBS在50 mM下浸入60或120 s不会降低SR发生率和严重程度。SMBS和PMBS疗法可能是新的工具，可用于控制柑橘类水果的青霉病（而非SR）的低风险，无污染的策略。