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Phosphorus loss through surface runoff and leaching in response to the long-term application of different organic amendments on sloping croplands
Journal of Soils and Sediments ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s11368-020-02675-3
Keke Hua , Bo Zhu

Purpose

Sustaining crop yield and decreasing the environmental risk of phosphorus (P) loss are key challenges for P fertilization management, which is helpful for achieving the goals for agriculture sustainable development. The effects of the long-term application of different organic amendments on P loss through surface runoff and leaching on sloping croplands have not been studied until now.

Materials and methods

We simultaneously measured the P loss based on a long-term fertilization experiment using a lysimeter (8 × 4 m2) with four treatments: control (no fertilizer; CK), mineral fertilizer (MF), mineral fertilizer combined with swine manure (MFSM), and mineral fertilizer combined with crop straw (MFCS).

Results and discussion

Annual P loss loads through surface runoff and leaching in the MF treatment were 90.3 ± 29.4 and 39.2 ± 13.2 mg m−2, respectively. The quantitative relationship between soil P surplus and total P loss load was described by a positive linear function, which suggested that a total P loss of approximately 2.9 kg ha−1 occurred with each 100 kg ha−1 of P surplus. P recovery efficiencies in the MFSM and MFCS treatments increased obviously by 24.0% and 34.5%, whereas soil P surplus decreased by 10.5% and 62.4%, respectively. Overall, the yield-scaled total P losses for the MFSM and MFCS treatments decreased significantly by 71% and 200%, respectively, compared with the MF treatment (0.12 ± 0.04 kg t−1).

Conclusions

Long-term organic amendment application, especially for crop straw, effectively decreased P surplus and P loss, thereby increasing P efficiency. We recommend the combined application of mineral fertilizer with crop straw as a sustainable agronomic P management practice to achieve sustainable goals for development of the United Nations and the land degradation neutrality challenge.



中文翻译:

长期在坡地上施用各种有机改良剂后,由于地表径流和淋失造成的磷损失

目的

维持作物产量和减少磷(P)流失的环境风险是磷肥管理的主要挑战,这有助于实现农业可持续发展的目标。迄今为止,尚未研究长期施用不同有机改性剂对坡耕地表面径流和淋溶过程中磷流失的影响。

材料和方法

我们基于长期施肥实验,使用溶渗仪(8×4 m 2)进行了四种处理,同时测量了磷的损失:对照(无肥料; CK),矿物肥料(MF),矿物肥料与猪粪肥(MFSM) ),矿物肥料和农作物秸秆(MFCS)。

结果和讨论

在MF处理中,通过地表径流和淋滤产生的年度P损失负荷分别为90.3±29.4和39.2±13.2 mg m -2。土壤磷剩余量与总磷损失负荷之间的定量关系用正线性函数描述,这表明每100 kg ha -1的磷剩余量就会发生约2.9 kg ha -1的总磷损失。MFSM和MFCS处理中的P回收效率明显提高了24.0%和34.5%,而土壤P过剩分别降低了10.5%和62.4%。总体而言,与MF处理(0.12±0.04 kg t -1)相比,MFSM和MFCS处理的产量定级总P损失分别显着降低了71%和200%。

结论

长期使用有机改良剂,特别是用于农作物秸秆,可有效减少磷过剩和磷损失,从而提高磷效率。我们建议将矿物肥料与农作物秸秆结合使用,作为可持续的农艺磷管理实践,以实现联合国发展的可持续目标和土地退化中立挑战。

更新日期:2020-06-02
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