In mouse development, differentiation of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) during the transition from the morula to blastocyst stage is regulated by the Hippo pathway; however, the functions of the Hippo pathway in porcine embryogenesis have not been investigated. In the present study, we examined the gene expression patterns of the Hippo pathway members yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) and the functions of these genes during porcine preimplantation development using RNA interference. Both YAP1 and LATS2 mRNA levels were shown high in the in vitro matured oocytes and 1-cell stage embryos and fell progressively with development. YAP1 nuclear localization was detected at the morula and blastocyst stages. Downregulation of either YAP1 or LATS2 inhibited porcine preimplantation development and affected the expression levels of POU class 5 homeobox 1 (OCT-4) and SRY-related HMG-box gene 2 (SOX2), transcription factors necessary for the ICM/TE differentiation. Taken together, YAP1 and LATS2 are essential for porcine preimplantation development, and it is possible that the Hippo pathway has important roles in porcine ICM/TE segregation.

中文翻译：

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下调河马通路成员YAP1和LATS2转录本对猪胚胎分化相关的早期发育和基因表达的影响。

在小鼠发育过程中，从桑ula到囊胚阶段的过渡过程中，内部细胞团（ICM）和滋养外胚层（TE）的分化受Hippo通路的调控。然而，尚未研究河马途径在猪胚胎发生中的功能。在本研究中，我们检查了Hippo通路成员yes相关蛋白1（YAP1）和大肿瘤抑制基因2（LATS2）的基因表达模式，以及这些基因在猪植入前发育中使用RNA干扰的功能。既YAP1和LATS2 mRNA水平显示在高体外成熟的卵母细胞和1-细胞期胚胎，随着发育而逐渐下降。YAP1核定位在桑ula和胚泡阶段。任一的下调YAP1或LATS2抑制猪胚胎植入前发育和受影响的POU 5类同源框1（的表达水平OCT-4 ）和SRY相关HMG-box基因2（SOX2），用于ICM / TE分化必要的转录因子。综上所述，YAP1和LATS2对于猪植入前的发育至关重要，而且Hippo途径可能在猪ICM / TE分离中起重要作用。