Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) not only are suffering from amnesia but also are prone to memory distortions, such as experiencing detailed and vivid recollections of episodic events that have never been encountered (i.e., false memories). To describe and explain these distortions, we offer a review to synthesize current knowledge on false memory in AD into a framework allowing for better understanding of the taxonomy and phenomenology of false memories and of the cognitive mechanisms that may underlie false memory formation in AD. According to this review, certain phenomenological characteristics of memories (e.g., high emotional load, high vividness, or high familiarity) result in misattributions in AD. More specifically, this review proposes that generalized decline in cognitive control and inhibition in AD may result in difficulties in suppressing irrelevant information during memory monitoring, especially when irrelevant (i.e., false) information is characterized by high emotion, vividness, or familiarity. This review also proposes that binding deficits in AD decrease the ability to retrieve relevant contextual details, leading to source monitoring errors and false memories. In short, this review depicts how phenomenological characteristics of memories and failures of monitoring during retrieval contribute to the occurrence of false memory in AD.

中文翻译：

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阿尔茨海默氏病的错误记忆

患有阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的患者不仅患有失忆症，而且还容易出现记忆失真，例如经历过从未发生过的突发事件的详细生动的回忆（即错误的记忆）。为了描述和解释这些扭曲，我们进行了综述，以将有关AD错误记忆的当前知识综合到一个框架中，以更好地理解错误记忆的分类学和现象学以及可能构成AD错误记忆形成基础的认知机制。根据该综述，记忆的某些现象学特征（例如，高情绪负荷，高生动度或高度熟悉度）导致AD的错误归因。进一步来说，这篇综述提出，AD认知控制和抑制的普遍下降可能会导致在记忆监测期间抑制无关信息的困难，特别是当无关信息（即虚假）的特征是情绪高涨，生动或熟悉时。这项审查还建议，AD中的绑定缺陷会降低检索相关上下文详细信息的能力，从而导致源监视错误和错误的记忆。简而言之，本综述描述了记忆的现象学特征和检索过程中的监视失败如何导致AD中错误记忆的发生。这项审查还建议，AD中的绑定缺陷会降低检索相关上下文详细信息的能力，从而导致源监视错误和错误的记忆。简而言之，本综述描述了记忆的现象学特征和检索过程中的监视失败如何导致AD中错误记忆的发生。这项审查还建议，AD中的绑定缺陷会降低检索相关上下文详细信息的能力，从而导致源监视错误和错误的记忆。简而言之，本综述描述了记忆的现象学特征和检索过程中的监视失败如何导致AD中错误记忆的发生。