Azo dyes are ubiquitous pollutants that contaminate water supplies and threaten human, biota, and ecosystem health. Their detection and discrimination are a considerable challenge owing to the numerous structural, chemical, and optical similarities between dyes, complexity of the wastewater in which they are found, and low environmental concentrations. Here, we demonstrate that the inner filter effect (IFE), in combination with conjugated polymer array-based sensing, offers a rapid approach for the quantitative profiling of these pollutants. The array was constructed using three anionic conjugated polyelectrolytes whose varying spectroscopic properties led to distinct IFE patterns in the presence of various dyes. These unique fluorescence response patterns were identified and processed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), enabling the individual identification of 12 closely related azo dyes. To demonstrate the potential for utility in the environment, the array was used to differentiate between these dyes at nanomolar concentrations in water.

中文翻译：

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用于纳摩尔检测水中偶氮染料的传感器阵列。

偶氮染料是普遍存在的污染物，会污染水源并威胁人类，生物群和生态系统的健康。由于染料之间的众多结构，化学和光学相似性，发现它们的废水的复杂性以及低环境浓度，因此对它们的检测和区分是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们证明内部过滤效果（IFE）与基于共轭聚合物阵列的传感相结合，为这些污染物的定量分析提供了一种快速方法。使用三种阴离子共轭聚电解质构建阵列，在各种染料存在下，它们的变化的光谱特性导致不同的IFE模式。使用线性判别分析（LDA）识别并处理了这些独特的荧光反应模式，可以单独鉴定12种紧密相关的偶氮染料。为了证明在环境中具有实用性，该阵列用于区分水中纳摩尔浓度的这些染料。