Supercell storms are the most prolific producers of violent tornadoes, though only a fraction of supercells produce tornadoes. Past research into the differences between tornadic and nontornadic supercells have provided some insights but are of little utility to a real‐time warning decision process. Operational weather radars provide consistent observations in real time, but conventional radar techniques have not been able to effectively distinguish between tornadic and nontornadic supercells. After the national radar network upgrade to polarimetric capabilities in 2013, a polarimetric signature frequently observed in supercells is the separation of low‐level enhanced differential reflectivity Z _{D R} and specific differential phase K _{D P} regions. We analyzed this signature in tornadic and nontornadic supercell cases and found that, although the separation distances are similar, the separation orientations are statistically significantly different. Tornadic supercells have orientations more orthogonal to storm motion and nontornadic supercells have more parallel orientations. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.

中文翻译：

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利用水流星大小分类的极化雷达特征区分旋流和非旋流超级电池

超级单体风暴是暴力龙卷风最多产的地区，尽管只有极少数超级单体会产生龙卷风。过去对龙卷风和非龙卷风超级电池之间差异的研究提供了一些见解，但对实时预警决策过程没有多大用处。可操作的天气雷达实时提供一致的观测结果，但是传统的雷达技术无法有效地区分龙卷风和非龙卷风的超级小区。在2013年国家雷达网络升级为极化功能之后，在超级单元中经常观察到的极化特征是低级增强差分反射率Z _{D R}和特定差分相位K _{D P的分离。}地区。我们分析了在tornadic和nontornadic超级细胞情况下的这种签名，并发现，尽管分离距离是相似的，但分离方向在统计学上是显着不同的。隆突超级电池的方向与风暴运动更正交，非隆突超级电池的方向更平行。讨论了造成这些差异的可能原因。