Precipitation microphysics and the effective radiative forcing due to aerosol‐cloud interactions (ERF_aci) contribute to some of the largest uncertainties in general circulation models (GCMs) and are closely interrelated. This study shows that a sophisticated, two‐moment prognostic precipitation scheme can simultaneously represent both warm rain characteristics consistent with satellite observations and a realistic ERF_aci magnitude, thus reconciling compensating errors between precipitation microphysics and ERF_aci that are common to many GCMs. The enhancement of accretion from prognostic precipitation and accretion‐driven buffering mechanisms in scavenging processes are found to be responsible for mitigating the compensating errors. However, single‐moment prognostic precipitation without the explicit prediction of raindrop size cannot capture observed warm rain characteristics. Results underscore the importance of using a two‐moment representation of both clouds and precipitation to realistically simulate precipitation‐driven buffering of the cloud response to aerosol perturbations.

中文翻译：

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调和气候模型中降水约束与能量收支之间的补偿误差

气溶胶-云相互作用（ERF _aci）导致的降水微物理学和有效辐射强迫造成了一般循环模型（GCM）中一些最大的不确定性，并且密切相关。这项研究表明，复杂的，两步式的预后降水方案可以同时代表与卫星观测一致的暖雨特征和实际的ERF _aci幅值，从而协调了降水微物理学和ERF _aci之间的补偿误差。这是许多GCM通用的。发现清除过程中预后降水和增生驱动的缓冲机制对增生的增强是减轻补偿误差的原因。但是，没有明确预测雨滴大小的单时刻预后降水不能捕获观测到的暖雨特征。结果强调了使用云和降水的两步表示法来现实地模拟降水驱动的云对气溶胶扰动响应的缓冲的重要性。